Now showing items 1-20 of 106

    • 24-Hour Rhythms of DNA Methylation and Their Relation with Rhythms of RNA Expression in the Human Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex 

      Lim, Andrew S. P.; Srivastava, Gyan P.; Yu, Lei; Chibnik, Lori B.; Xu, Jishu; Buchman, Aron S.; Schneider, Julie A.; Myers, Amanda J.; Bennett, David A.; De Jager, Philip L. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Circadian rhythms modulate the biology of many human tissues, including brain tissues, and are driven by a near 24-hour transcriptional feedback loop. These rhythms are paralleled by 24-hour rhythms of large portions of ...
    • 53BP1 Protects against CtIP-Dependent Capture of Ectopic Chromosomal Sequences at the Junction of Distant Double-Strand Breaks 

      Guirouilh-Barbat, Josée; Gelot, Camille; Xie, Anyong; Dardillac, Elodie; Scully, Ralph; Lopez, Bernard S. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are very harmful lesions that can generate genome rearrangements. In this study, we used intrachromosomal reporters to compare both the efficiency and accuracy of end-joining occurring with ...
    • Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention in a Clinical Setting 

      Montgomery, Madeline C.; Oldenburg, Catherine E.; Nunn, Amy S.; Mena, Leandro; Anderson, Peter; Liegler, Teri; Mayer, Kenneth H.; Patel, Rupa; Almonte, Alexi; Chan, Philip A. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: The HIV epidemic in the United States (US) disproportionately affects gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using co-formulated tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ...
    • Allele-Specific Methylation Occurs at Genetic Variants Associated with Complex Disease 

      Hutchinson, John N.; Raj, Towfique; Fagerness, Jes; Stahl, Eli; Viloria, Fernando T.; Gimelbrant, Alexander; Seddon, Johanna; Daly, Mark; Chess, Andrew; Plenge, Robert (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      We hypothesize that the phenomenon of allele-specific methylation (ASM) may underlie the phenotypic effects of multiple variants identified by Genome-Wide Association studies (GWAS). We evaluate ASM in a human population ...
    • Analysis of HIV Diversity in HIV-Infected Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (HPTN 061) 

      Chen, Iris; Chau, Gordon; Wang, Jing; Clarke, William; Marzinke, Mark A.; Cummings, Vanessa; Breaud, Autumn; Laeyendecker, Oliver; Fields, Sheldon D.; Griffith, Sam; Scott, Hyman M.; Shoptaw, Steven; del Rio, Carlos; Magnus, Manya; Mannheimer, Sharon; Tieu, Hong-Van; Wheeler, Darrell P.; Mayer, Kenneth H.; Koblin, Beryl A.; Eshleman, Susan H. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: HIV populations often diversify in response to selective pressures, such as the immune response and antiretroviral drug use. We analyzed HIV diversity in Black men who have sex with men who were enrolled in the ...
    • Anion Exchanger 2 Regulates Dectin-1-Dependent Phagocytosis and Killing of Candida albicans 

      Urso, Katia; Charles, Julia F.; Shull, Gary E.; Aliprantis, Antonios O.; Balestrieri, Barbara (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Anion exchanger 2 (Ae2; gene symbol, Slc4a2) is a plasma membrane Cl-/HCO3- exchanger expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, kidney and bone. We have previously shown that Ae2 is required for the function of osteoclasts, ...
    • Antigen-Specific Antibody Glycosylation Is Regulated via Vaccination 

      Mahan, Alison E.; Jennewein, Madeleine F.; Suscovich, Todd; Dionne, Kendall; Tedesco, Jacquelynne; Chung, Amy W.; Streeck, Hendrik; Pau, Maria; Schuitemaker, Hanneke; Francis, Don; Fast, Patricia; Laufer, Dagna; Walker, Bruce D.; Baden, Lindsey; Barouch, Dan H.; Alter, Galit (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Antibody effector functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement deposition, and antibody-dependent phagocytosis, play a critical role in immunity against multiple pathogens, particularly in the ...
    • AS1411-Induced Growth Inhibition of Glioma Cells by Up-Regulation of p53 and Down-Regulation of Bcl-2 and Akt1 via Nucleolin 

      Cheng, Ye; Zhao, Gang; Zhang, Siwen; Nigim, Fares; Zhou, Guangtong; Yu, Zhiyun; Song, Yang; Chen, Yong; Li, Yunqian (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      AS1411 binds nucleolin (NCL) and is the first oligodeoxynucleotide aptamer to reach phase I and II clinical trials for the treatment of several cancers. However, the mechanisms by which AS1411 targets and kills glioma cells ...
    • Association between Food Insecurity and Procurement Methods among People Living with HIV in a High Resource Setting 

      Anema, Aranka; Fielden, Sarah J.; Shurgold, Susan; Ding, Erin; Messina, Jennifer; Jones, Jennifer E.; Chittock, Brian; Monteith, Ken; Globerman, Jason; Rourke, Sean B.; Hogg, Robert S. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Objective: People living with HIV in high-resource settings suffer severe levels of food insecurity; however, limited evidence exists regarding dietary intake and sub-components that characterize food insecurity (i.e. food ...
    • Building from the HIV Response toward Universal Health Coverage 

      Jay, Jonathan; Buse, Kent; Hart, Marielle; Wilson, David; Marten, Robert; Kellerman, Scott; Odetoyinbo, Morolake; Quick, Jonathan D.; Evans, Timothy; Piot, Peter; Dybul, Mark; Binagwaho, Agnes (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Jonathan Jay and colleagues draw lessons from the the global HIV response that could help guide the universal health coverage movement.
    • Cas9 Functionally Opens Chromatin 

      Barkal, Amira A.; Srinivasan, Sharanya; Hashimoto, Tatsunori; Gifford, David K.; Sherwood, Richard I. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Using a nuclease-dead Cas9 mutant, we show that Cas9 reproducibly induces chromatin accessibility at previously inaccessible genomic loci. Cas9 chromatin opening is sufficient to enable adjacent binding and transcriptional ...
    • Characterization of Multi-Drug Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Cephalic Recording Chambers in Research Macaques (Macaca spp.) 

      Woods, Stephanie E.; Lieberman, Mia T.; Lebreton, Francois; Trowel, Elise; de la Fuente-Núñez, César; Dzink-Fox, Joanne; Fox, James G.; Gilmore, Michael S. (Public Library of Science, 2017)
      Nonhuman primates are commonly used for cognitive neuroscience research and often surgically implanted with cephalic recording chambers for electrophysiological recording. Aerobic bacterial cultures from 25 macaques ...
    • The Chromatin Remodeling Factor CHD5 Is a Transcriptional Repressor of WEE1 

      Quan, Jinhua; Adelmant, Guillaume; Marto, Jarrod A.; Look, A. Thomas; Yusufzai, Timur (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Loss of the chromatin remodeling ATPase CHD5 has been linked to the progression of neuroblastoma tumors, yet the underlying mechanisms behind the tumor suppressor role of CHD5 are unknown. In this study, we purified the ...
    • Chronic HCV Infection Affects the NK Cell Phenotype in the Blood More than in the Liver 

      Cosgrove, Cormac; Berger, Christoph T.; Kroy, Daniela C.; Cheney, Patrick C.; Ghebremichael, Musie; Aneja, Jasneet; Tomlinson, Michelle; Kim, Arthur Y.; Lauer, Georg M.; Alter, Galit (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Although epidemiological and functional studies have implicated NK cells in protection and early clearance of HCV, the mechanism by which they may contribute to viral control is poorly understood, particularly at the site ...
    • Circulating MicroRNAs: Association with Lung Function in Asthma 

      Kho, Alvin T.; Sharma, Sunita; Davis, Joshua S.; Spina, Joseph; Howard, Dagnie; McEnroy, Kevin; Moore, Kip; Sylvia, Jody; Qiu, Weiliang; Weiss, Scott T.; Tantisira, Kelan G. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: MicroRNAs are key transcriptional and network regulators previously associated with asthma susceptibility. However, their role in relation to asthma severity has not been delineated. Objective: We hypothesized ...
    • COLD-PCR Amplification of Bisulfite-Converted DNA Allows the Enrichment and Sequencing of Rare Un-Methylated Genomic Regions 

      Castellanos-Rizaldos, Elena; Milbury, Coren A.; Karatza, Elli; Chen, Clark C.; Makrigiorgos, G. Mike; Merewood, Anne (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Aberrant hypo-methylation of DNA is evident in a range of human diseases including cancer and diabetes. Development of sensitive assays capable of detecting traces of un-methylated DNA within methylated samples can be ...
    • Community Cultural Norms, Stigma and Disclosure to Sexual Partners among Women Living with HIV in Thailand, Brazil and Zambia (HPTN 063) 

      Ojikutu, Bisola O.; Pathak, Subash; Srithanaviboonchai, Kriengkrai; Limbada, Mohammed; Friedman, Ruth; Li, Shuying; Mimiaga, Matthew J.; Mayer, Kenneth H.; Safren, Steven A. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Serostatus disclosure may facilitate decreased HIV transmission between serodiscordant partners by raising risk awareness and heightening the need for prevention. For women living with HIV (WLWH), the decision ...
    • Comparison of Early Changes in Ocular Surface and Inflammatory Mediators between Femtosecond Lenticule Extraction and Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction 

      Zhang, Chi; Ding, Hui; He, Miao; Liu, Lina; Liu, Liangping; Li, Gang; Niu, Bing; Zhong, Xingwu (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Purpose To evaluate the short-term changes in ocular surface measures and tear inflammatory mediators after femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx) and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedures. Methods: ...
    • Complex Breakpoints and Template Switching Associated with Non-canonical Termination of Homologous Recombination in Mammalian Cells 

      Hartlerode, Andrea J.; Willis, Nicholas A.; Rajendran, Anbazhagan; Manis, John P.; Scully, Ralph (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      A proportion of homologous recombination (HR) events in mammalian cells resolve by “long tract” gene conversion, reflecting copying of several kilobases from the donor sister chromatid prior to termination. Cells lacking ...
    • Comprehensive Definition of the SigH Regulon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reveals Transcriptional Control of Diverse Stress Responses 

      Sharp, Jared D.; Singh, Atul K.; Park, Sang Tae; Lyubetskaya, Anna; Peterson, Matthew W.; Gomes, Antonio L. C.; Potluri, Lakshmi-Prasad; Raman, Sahadevan; Galagan, James E.; Husson, Robert N. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Expression of SigH, one of 12 Mycobacterium tuberculosis alternative sigma factors, is induced by heat, oxidative and nitric oxide stresses. SigH activation has been shown to increase expression of several genes, including ...