Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "antiretroviral therapy"
Now showing items 1-17 of 17
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Antiretroviral Regimen and Suboptimal Medication Adherence Are Associated With Low-Level Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viremia
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Episodes of human immunodeficiency virus low-level viremia (LLV) are common in the clinical setting, but its association with antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen and adherence remains unclear. Antiretroviral therapy ... -
Antiretroviral Therapy to Prevent HIV Acquisition in Serodiscordant Couples in a Hyperendemic Community in Rural South Africa
(Oxford University Press, 2016)Background. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was highly efficacious in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in stable serodiscordant couples in the HPTN-052 study, a resource-intensive randomized controlled ... -
Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics reveals altered waste clearance and accelerated aging in HIV patients with neurocognitive impairment
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014)Objective(s): HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Some features of HAND resemble those of ... -
Cost–effectiveness of CYP2B6 genotyping to optimize efavirenz dosing in HIV clinical practice
(2016)Aims To assess the cost–effectiveness of CYP2B6 genotyping to guide efavirenz dosing for initial HIV therapy in the USA. Methods: We used the Cost–Effectiveness of Preventing AIDS Complications (CEPAC) microsimulation model ... -
Depression During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Among HIV-Infected Women on Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda
(JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2014)Background: Among HIV-infected women, perinatal depression compromises clinical, maternal, and child health outcomes. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with lower depression symptom severity but the uniformity of ... -
Differential Levels of Soluble Inflammatory Markers by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Controller Status and Demographics
(Oxford University Press, 2014)Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 elite controllers (ECs) represent an ideal population to study the effects of HIV persistence on chronic inflammation in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods. ... -
Excellent clinical outcomes and retention in care for adults with HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma treated with systemic chemotherapy and integrated antiretroviral therapy in rural Malawi
(International AIDS Society, 2015)Introduction: HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma (HIV-KS) is the most common cancer in Malawi. In 2008, the non-governmental organization, Partners In Health, and the Ministry of Health established the Neno Kaposi Sarcoma Clinic ... -
Health outcomes among HIV-positive Latinos initiating antiretroviral therapy in North America versus Central and South America
(International AIDS Society, 2016)Introduction: Latinos living with HIV in the Americas share a common ethnic and cultural heritage. In North America, Latinos have a relatively high rate of new HIV infections but lower rates of engagement at all stages of ... -
High-Density Lipoprotein-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Is Improved by Treatment With Antiretroviral Therapy in Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
(Oxford University Press, 2014)Background: Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD). Reverse cholesterol transport from macrophages ... -
Improving adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Uganda with a low-resource facility-based intervention
(Co-Action Publishing, 2014)Objective: To assess the effects of facility-based interventions using existing resources to improve overall patient attendance and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) at ART-providing facilities in Uganda. Methods: ... -
The Meanings in the messages: how SMS reminders and real-time adherence monitoring improve antiretroviral therapy adherence in rural Uganda
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016)Objective: To understand how a pilot intervention combining SMS reminders with real-time adherence monitoring improved adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) for adults initiating treatment in rural Uganda. Design: ... -
Phenome-wide Association Study Relating Pretreatment Laboratory Parameters With Human Genetic Variants in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocols
(Oxford University Press, 2014)Background. Phenome-Wide Association Studies (PheWAS) identify genetic associations across multiple phenotypes. Clinical trials offer opportunities for PheWAS to identify pharmacogenomic associations. We describe the first ... -
Real-Time Adherence Monitoring for HIV Antiretroviral Therapy
(Springer US, 2010)Current adherence assessments typically detect missed doses long after they occur. Real-time, wireless monitoring strategies for antiretroviral therapy may provide novel opportunities to proactively prevent virologic rebound ... -
Short message service (SMS) reminders and real-time adherence monitoring improve antiretroviral therapy adherence in rural Uganda
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016)Objective: To explore the effects of four types of short message service (SMS) plus real-time adherence monitoring on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence: daily reminders, weekly reminders, reminders triggered after a ... -
START or SMART? Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Cardiovascular Risk for People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
(Oxford University Press, 2016)The Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection (START) study has reinforced the benefits of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, a notable secondary finding from that ... -
Superior Effectiveness of Zidovudine Compared With Tenofovir When Combined With Nevirapine-based Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Nigerian Cohort
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Background. Despite sparse efficacy data, tenofovir–emtricitabine or tenofovir–lamivudine plus nevirapine is used in many resource-constrained settings. Methods. This retrospective cohort study included patients initiating ... -
Transcriptional Changes in CD8+ T Cells During Antiretroviral Therapy Intensified With Raltegravir
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Background. Intensification of antiretroviral therapy with raltegravir does not affect levels of residual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 viremia, but it has led to increased levels of episomal HIV-1 DNA in some ...