Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 2279-2298 of 6362
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Exposure to Secondhand Smoke and Risk of Tuberculosis: Prospective Cohort Study
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Prospective evidence on the association between secondhand-smoke exposure and tuberculosis is limited. Methods: We included 23,827 never smokers from two rounds (2001 and 2005) of Taiwan National Health Interview ... -
Exposure to sub-chronic and long-term particulate air pollution and heart rate variability in an elderly cohort: the Normative Aging Study
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Short-term particulate air pollution exposure is associated with reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, in many studies. Associations with sub-chronic ... -
Exposure to the Chinese Famine in Early Life and the Risk of Hyperglycemia and Type 2 Diabetes in Adulthood
(American Diabetes Association, 2010)OBJECTIVE: Early developmental adaptations in response to undernutrition may play an essential role in susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, particularly for those experiencing a “mismatched rich nutritional environment” in ... -
Exposure to the Chinese Famine in Early Life and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adulthood
(American Diabetes Association, 2011)Objective: To examine whether exposure to the Chinese famine during fetal life and early childhood is associated with the risks of metabolic syndrome and whether this association is modified by later life environment. ... -
Exposure to Traffic Pollution and Increased Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2009)Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that affects approximately 1% of the adult population, and to date, genetic factors explain < 50% of the risk. Particulate air pollution, ... -
Exposure to unconventional oil and gas development and all-cause mortality in Medicare beneficiaries
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022-01-27) -
Expression analysis of asthma candidate genes during human and murine lung development
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2011)Background: Little is known about the role of most asthma susceptibility genes during human lung development. Genetic determinants for normal lung development are not only important early in life, but also for later lung ... -
Expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki67 in normal breast tissue in relation to subsequent risk of breast cancer
(2016)Although expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and cell proliferation marker Ki67 serve as predictive and prognostic factors in breast cancers, little is known about their roles in normal breast ... -
Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Information Improves Predictive Modeling of Disease Relevance of Non-Coding Genetic Variation
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Disease-associated loci identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) frequently localize to non-coding sequence. We and others have demonstrated strong enrichment of such single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ... -
Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Health Policy Assessment: A Tutorial
(Springer International Publishing, 2016)Health policy instruments such as the public financing of health technologies (e.g., new drugs, vaccines) entail consequences in multiple domains. Fundamentally, public health policies aim at increasing the uptake of ... -
Extended haplotype association study in Crohn’s disease identifies a novel, Ashkenazi Jewish-specific missense mutation in the NF-κB pathway gene, HEATR3
(2013)The Ashkenazi Jewish population has a several-fold higher prevalence of Crohn’s disease compared to non-Jewish European ancestry populations and has a unique genetic history. Haplotype association is critical to Crohn’s ... -
An external validation study reporting poor correlation between the claims-based index for rheumatoid arthritis severity and the disease activity score
(BioMed Central, 2015)Introduction: We conducted an external validation study to examine the correlation of a previously published claims-based index for rheumatoid arthritis severity (CIRAS) with disease activity score in 28 joints calculated ... -
Extracellular Microvesicle Production by Human Eosinophils Activated by “Inflammatory” Stimuli
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2016)A key function of human eosinophils is to secrete cytokines, chemokines and cationic proteins, trafficking, and releasing these mediators for roles in inflammation and other immune responses. Eosinophil activation leads ... -
Extraction of heart rate from functional near-infrared spectroscopy in infants
(SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng, 2014)Changes in heart rate are a useful physiological measure in infant studies. We present an algorithm for calculating the heart rate (HR) from oxyhemoglobin pulsation in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals. ... -
Extreme sacrifice: sudden cardiac death in the US Fire Service
(BioMed Central, 2013)Firefighting is a hazardous profession which has claimed on average the lives of 105 US firefighters per year for the past decade. The leading cause of line-of-duty mortality is sudden cardiac death, which accounts for ... -
Extreme Temperatures and Mortality: Assessing Effect Modification by Personal Characteristics and Specific Cause of Death in a Multi-City Case-Only Analysis
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2006)Background: Extremes of temperature are associated with short-term increases in daily mortality. Objectives: We set out to identify subpopulations and mortality causes with increased susceptibility to temperature extremes. ... -
Facilitating Change in School Health: A Qualitative Study of Schools’ Experiences Using the School Health Index
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006)Introduction: As school-based efforts increase to address the epidemic of childhood obesity, a priority for health professionals and educators will be to identify effective tools appropriate for use in schools to help guide ... -
Factorial validity of an abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for seniors in the Nurses’ Health Study
(BioMed Central, 2014)Background: Using validated measures of individuals’ perceptions of their neighborhood built environment is important for accurately estimating effects on physical activity. However, no studies to date have examined the ... -
Factors affecting providers’ delivery of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy: a five-country analysis of national service provision assessment surveys
(BioMed Central, 2014)Background: Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) delivered during antenatal care (ANC) visits has been shown to be a highly efficacious and cost-effective intervention. Given the high rates of ANC attendance ... -
Factors Affecting the Association between Ambient Concentrations and Personal Exposures to Particles and Gases
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2005)Results from air pollution exposure assessment studies suggest that ambient fine particles [particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μg (PM2.5)], but not ambient gases, are strong proxies of corresponding personal ...