Now showing items 2949-2968 of 6362

    • HLA-A is a Predictor of Hepatitis B e Antigen Status in HIV-Positive African Adults 

      Matthews, Philippa C.; Carlson, Jonathan M.; Beloukas, Apostolos; Malik, Amna; Jooste, Pieter; Ogwu, Anthony; Shapiro, Roger; Riddell, Lynn; Chen, Fabian; Luzzi, Graz; Jesuthasan, Gerald; Jeffery, Katie; Jojic, Nebojsa; Ndung'u, Thumbi; Carrington, Mary; Goulder, Philip J. R.; Geretti, Anna Maria; Klenerman, Paul (Oxford University Press, 2015)
      Outcomes of chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) are varied, with increased morbidity reported in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. The factors driving different outcomes are not well ...
    • Home endotoxin exposure and wheeze in infants: correction for bias due to exposure measurement error 

      Horick, Nora; Weller, Edie A.; Milton, Donald Kirby; Gold, Diane R.; Li, Ruifeng; Spiegelman, Donna Lynn (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2005)
      Exposure to elevated levels of endotoxin in family-room dust was previously observed to be significantly associated with increased wheeze in the first year of life among a cohort of 404 children in the Boston, Massachusetts, ...
    • Homocysteine and Carotid Plaque Stability: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Adults 

      Yang, Xin; Zhou, Yong; Liu, Chao; Gao, Xiang; Wang, Anxin; Guo, Yuming; Li, Wen; Zhao, Xingquan; Liang, Wannian (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background and Purpose This study aimed to explore the possible association of plasma total homocysteine with carotid plaque stability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2010 to 2011. A stratified random ...
    • Horizontal Inequity in Elderly Health Care Utilization: Evidence from India 

      Joe, William; Rudra, Shalini; Subramanian, S.V. Venkata (Korean Academy of Medical Sciences (KAMJE), 2015)
      Against the backdrop of population aging, this paper presents the analysis of need-standardised health care utilization among elderly in India. Based on nationally representative morbidity and health care survey 2004, we ...
    • A hormone complex of FABP4 and nucleoside kinases regulates islet function 

      Prentice, Kacey J.; Saksi, Jani Pertti Kristian; Robertson, Lauren T.; Lee, Grace Y.; Inouye, Karen; Eguchi, Kosei; Lee, Alexandra; Cakici, Ozgur; Otterbeck, Emily; Cedillo, Paulina; Achenbach, Peter; Ziegler, Anette-Gabriele; Calay, Ediz; Engin, Feyza; Hotamisligil, Gökhan S.; Hotamisligil, Gokhan (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-12-08)
      Liberation of energy stores from adipocytes is critical to support survival in times of energy deficit, however, uncontrolled or chronic lipolysis associated with insulin resistance and/or insulin insufficiency, disrupts ...
    • Hormone Levels During Dietary Changes in Premenopausal African-American Women 

      Woods, Margo N.; Barnett, Junaidah B.; Spiegelman, Donna; Trail, Nancy; Hertzmark, Ellen; Longcope, Christopher; Gorbach, Sherwood L. (Oxford University Press, 1996)
      Background: In the United States, 5-year survival rates of 69% and 84%, respectively, have recently been reported for African-American and Caucasian women diagnosed with breast cancer, Differences in the levels of endogenous ...
    • Hospice Use Following Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation in Older Patients: Results From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry 

      Kramer, Daniel B.; Reynolds, Matthew R.; Normand, Sharon-Lise; Parzynski, Craig S.; Spertus, John A.; Mor, Vincent; Mitchell, Susan L. (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016)
      Background— Older recipients of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are at increased risk for short-term mortality in comparison with younger patients. Although hospice use is common among decedents aged >65, ...
    • Hospital Acquired Pneumonia Is Linked to Right Hemispheric Peri-Insular Stroke 

      Kemmling, André; Lev, Michael H.; Payabvash, Seyedmehdi; Betensky, Rebecca A.; Qian, Jing; Masrur, Shihab; Schwamm, Lee H. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Purpose Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a major complication of stroke. We sought to determine associations between infarction of specific brain regions and HAP. Methods: 215 consecutive acute stroke patients with HAP ...
    • Hospital Based Emergency Department Visits Attributed to Child Physical Abuse in United States: Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality 

      Allareddy, Veerajalandhar; Asad, Rahimullah; Lee, Min Kyeong; Nalliah, Romesh P.; Rampa, Sankeerth; Speicher, David G.; Rotta, Alexandre T.; Allareddy, Veerasathpurush (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Objectives: To describe nationally representative outcomes of physical abuse injuries in children necessitating Emergency Department (ED) visits in United States. The impact of various injuries on mortality is examined. ...
    • Hospital Differences in Cesarean Deliveries in Massachusetts (US) 2004–2006: The Case against Case-Mix Artifact 

      Cáceres, Isabel A.; Arcaya, Mariana C; Declercq, Eugene; Belanoff, Candice M.; Janakiraman, Vanitha; Cohen, Bruce; Ecker, Jeffrey Lawrence; Smith, Lauren A.; Subramanian, S.V. Venkata (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Objective: We examined the extent to which differences in hospital-level cesarean delivery rates in Massachusetts were attributable to hospital-level, rather than maternal, characteristics. Methods: Birth certificate and ...
    • Hospitals, Market Share, and Consolidation 

      Cutler, David M.; Scott Morton, Fiona (American Medical Association (AMA), 2013)
    • Host and Bacterial Proteins That Repress Recruitment of LC3 to Shigella Early during Infection 

      Baxt, Leigh A.; Goldberg, Marcia B. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Shigella spp. are intracytosolic gram-negative pathogens that cause disease by invasion and spread through the colonic mucosa, utilizing host cytoskeletal components to form propulsive actin tails. We have previously ...
    • Household and Community Socioeconomic and Environmental Determinants of Child Nutritional Status in Cameroon 

      Pongou, Roland; Ezzati, Majid; Salomon, Joshua A. (BioMed Central, 2006)
      Background: Undernutrition is a leading cause of child mortality in developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We examine the household and community level socioeconomic and environmental factors associated ...
    • Household and School-Level Influences on Smoking Behavior among Korean Adolescents: A Multilevel Analysis 

      Heo, Jongho; Oh, Juhwan; Subramanian, S. V.; Kawachi, Ichiro (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: Trends in adolescent smoking rates in South Korea have not shown substantial progress due to a lack of effective anti-smoking interventions and policies in school settings. Methods and Findings: We examined ...
    • Household Food Insecurity Is Positively Associated with Depression among Low-Income Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participants and Income-Eligible Nonparticipants 

      Leung, C. W.; Epel, E. S.; Willett, Walter C.::94559ea206eef8a8844fc5b80654fa5b::600; Rimm, Eric Bruce::0ab2926c8242f35e5a982e3cf59f4987::600; Laraia, B. A. (Oxford University Press, 2015)
      Background: Food insecurity is associated with adverse mental health outcomes. Given that federal food assistance programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), aim to alleviate food insecurity, ...
    • Household malaria knowledge and its association with bednet ownership in settings without large–scale distribution programs: Evidence from rural Madagascar 

      Krezanoski, Paul J.; Tsai, Alexander C.; Hamer, Davidson H.; Comfort, Alison B.; Bangsberg, David R. (Edinburgh University Global Health Society, 2014)
      Background: Insecticide–treated bednets are effective at preventing malaria. This study focuses on household–level factors that are associated with bednet ownership in a rural area of Madagascar which had not been a recipient ...
    • Household Transmission of Vibrio cholerae in Bangladesh 

      Sugimoto, Jonathan D.; Koepke, Amanda A.; Kenah, Eben E.; Halloran, M. Elizabeth; Chowdhury, Fahima; Khan, Ashraful I.; LaRocque, Regina C.; Yang, Yang; Ryan, Edward T.; Qadri, Firdausi; Calderwood, Stephen B.; Harris, Jason B.; Longini, Ira M. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: Vibrio cholerae infections cluster in households. This study's objective was to quantify the relative contribution of direct, within-household exposure (for example, via contamination of household food, water, ...
    • How Can the Health System Retain Women in HIV Treatment for a Lifetime? A Discrete Choice Experiment in Ethiopia and Mozambique 

      Kruk, Margaret E.; Riley, Patricia L.; Palma, Anton M.; Adhikari, Sweta; Ahoua, Laurence; Arnaldo, Carlos; Belo, Dercio F.; Brusamento, Serena; Cumba, Luisa I. G.; Dziuban, Eric J.; El-Sadr, Wafaa M.; Gutema, Yoseph; Habtamu, Zelalem; Heller, Thomas; Kidanu, Aklilu; Langa, Judite; Mahagaja, Epifanio; McCarthy, Carey F.; Melaku, Zenebe; Shodell, Daniel; Tsiouris, Fatima; Young, Paul R.; Rabkin, Miriam (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Introduction: Option B+, an approach that involves provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to all HIV-infected pregnant women for life, is the preferred strategy for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. ...
    • How Can Vaccines Contribute to Solving the Antimicrobial Resistance Problem? 

      Lipsitch, Marc; Siber, George R. (American Society for Microbiology, 2016)
      ABSTRACT There is a growing appreciation for the role of vaccines in confronting the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Vaccines can reduce the prevalence of resistance by reducing the need for antimicrobial use ...
    • How common are ALS plateaus and reversals? 

      Bedlack, Richard S.; Vaughan, Timothy; Wicks, Paul; Heywood, Jamie; Sinani, Ervin; Selsov, Roger; Macklin, Eric A.; Schoenfeld, David; Cudkowicz, Merit; Sherman, Alex (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015)
      Objective: To determine the frequency of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) plateaus and reversals in the Pooled Resource Open-Access ALS Clinical Trials (PRO-ACT) database. Methods: We analyzed Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ...