Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 3931-3950 of 6362
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Minimally Symptomatic Infection in an Ebola ‘Hotspot’: A Cross-Sectional Serosurvey
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Introduction: Evidence for minimally symptomatic Ebola virus (EBOV) infection is limited. During the 2013–16 outbreak in West Africa, it was not considered epidemiologically relevant to published models or projections of ... -
Misalignment between perceptions and actual global burden of disease: evidence from the US population
(CoAction Publishing, 2011)Significant funding of health programs in low-income countries comes from external sources, mainly private donors and national development agencies of high-income countries. How these external funds are allocated remains ... -
A Mismatch Between Patient Education Materials About Sickle Cell Disease and the Literacy Level of Their Intended Audience
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2016)Introduction Despite the first goal of the 2010 National Action Plan to Improve Health Literacy, the literacy demands of much health information exceeds the reading skills of most US adults. The objective of this study ... -
Misperceived Pre-pregnancy Body Weight Status Predicts Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Findings from a US Cohort Study
(BioMed Central, 2008)Background: Excessive gestational weight gain promotes poor maternal and child health outcomes. Weight misperception is associated with weight gain in non-pregnant women, but no data exist during pregnancy. The purpose of ... -
Missed opportunities to deliver intermittent preventive treatment for malaria to pregnant women 2003–2013: a systematic analysis of 58 household surveys in sub-Saharan Africa
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Despite the availability of effective preventive measures, including intermittent preventive treatment for malaria during pregnancy (IPTp), malaria continues to cause substantial disease burden among pregnant ... -
Missed opportunities: family history and behavioral risk factors in breast cancer risk assessment among a multiethnic group of women
(Springer-Verlag, 2007)Background: Clinician’s knowledge of a woman’s cancer family history (CFH) and counseling about health-related behaviors (HRB) is necessary for appropriate breast cancer care. Objective: To evaluate whether clinicians ... -
Missed Opportunities: Refusal to Confirm Reactive Rapid HIV Tests in the Emergency Department
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: HIV infection remains a major US public health concern. While HIV-infected individuals now benefit from earlier diagnosis and improved treatment options, progress is tempered by large numbers of newly diagnosed ... -
Mitigating disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Tanzania: an exploratory study of the effects of two facility-based interventions in a large public hospital
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: There is emerging evidence that disrespect and abuse (D&A) during facility-based childbirth is prevalent in countries throughout the world and a barrier to achieving good maternal health outcomes. However, much ... -
Mitochondria, Energetics, Epigenetics, and Cellular Responses to Stress
(NLM-Export, 2014)Background: Cells respond to environmental stressors through several key pathways, including response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), nutrient and ATP sensing, DNA damage response (DDR), and epigenetic alterations. ... -
Mitochondrial haplogroups modify the effect of black carbon on age-related cognitive impairment
(BioMed Central, 2014)Background: Traffic-related air pollution has been linked with impaired cognition in older adults, possibly due to effects of oxidative stress on the brain. Mitochondria are the main source of cellular oxidation. Haplogroups ... -
Mitochondrial iron chelation ameliorates cigarette-smoke induced bronchitis and emphysema in mice
(2015)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is linked to both cigarette smoking and genetic determinants. We have previously identified iron-responsive element binding protein 2 (IRP2) as an important COPD susceptibility ... -
Mitochondrial Variations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Survival
(Libertas Academica, 2015)Mutations in the mtDNA genome have long been suspected to play an important role in cancer. Although most cancer cells harbor mtDNA mutations, the question of whether such mutations are associated with clinical prognosis ... -
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Regulate Susceptibility to Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Background: Mechanical ventilation causes ventilator-induced lung injury in animals and humans. Mitogen-activated protein kinases have been implicated in ventilator-induced lung injury though their functional significance ... -
MM-ChIP enables integrative analysis of cross-platform and between-laboratory ChIP-chip or ChIP-seq data
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2011)The ChIP-chip and ChIP-seq techniques enable genome-wide mapping of in vivo protein-DNA interactions and chromatin states. The cross-platform and between-laboratory variation poses a challenge to the comparison and integration ... -
MmpL3 Is the Cellular Target of the Antitubercular Pyrrole Derivative BM212
(American Society for Microbiology, 2012)The 1,5-diarylpyrrole derivative BM212 was previously shown to be active against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates and Mycobacterium tuberculosis residing within macrophages as well as against Mycobacterium avium and ... -
Mobile HIV Screening in Cape Town, South Africa: Clinical Impact, Cost and Cost-Effectiveness
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Mobile HIV screening may facilitate early HIV diagnosis. Our objective was to examine the cost-effectiveness of adding a mobile screening unit to current medical facility-based HIV testing in Cape Town, South ... -
Mode of Delivery and Cord Blood Cytokines: A Birth Cohort Study
(BioMed Central, 2006)Background: The mechanisms for the association between birth by cesarean section and atopy and asthma are largely unknown. Objective: To examine whether cesarean section results in neonatal secretion of cytokines that are ... -
Model-based Analysis of Oligonucleotide Arrays: Model Validation, Design Issues and Standard Error Application
(BioMed Central, 2001)Background: A model-based analysis of oligonucleotide expression arrays we developed previously uses a probe-sensitivity index to capture the response characteristic of a specific probe pair and calculates model-based ... -
Model-based Clustering of DNA Methylation Array Data: A Recursive-Partitioning Algorithm for High-dimensional Data Arising as a Mixture of Beta Distributions
(BioMed Central, 2008)Background: Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function that cannot be explained by changes in DNA sequence. One of the most commonly studied epigenetic alterations is cytosine methylation, which is a ... -
Modeling contextual effects using individual-level data and without aggregation: an illustration of multilevel factor analysis (MLFA) with collective efficacy
(BioMed Central, 2015)Population health scientists increasingly study how contextual-level attributes affect individual health. A major challenge in this domain relates to measurement, i.e., how best to measure and create variables that capture ...