Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 4477-4496 of 6362

    • PET CT Identifies Reactivation Risk in Cynomolgus Macaques with Latent M. tuberculosis 

      Lin, Philana Ling; Maiello, Pauline; Gideon, Hannah P.; Coleman, M. Teresa; Cadena, Anthony M.; Rodgers, Mark A.; Gregg, Robert; O’Malley, Melanie; Tomko, Jaime; Fillmore, Daniel; Frye, L. James; Rutledge, Tara; DiFazio, Robert M.; Janssen, Christopher; Klein, Edwin; Andersen, Peter L.; Fortune, Sarah M.; Flynn, JoAnne L. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection presents across a spectrum in humans, from latent infection to active tuberculosis. Among those with latent tuberculosis, it is now recognized that there is also a spectrum of infection ...

    • The Pet Factor - Companion Animals as a Conduit for Getting to Know People, Friendship Formation and Social Support 

      Wood, Lisa; Martin, Karen; Christian, Hayley; Nathan, Andrea; Lauritsen, Claire; Houghton, Steve; Kawachi, Ichiro; McCune, Sandra (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Background: While companion animals have been previously identified as a direct source of companionship and support to their owners, their role as a catalyst for friendship formation or social support networks among humans ...

    • The pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics of asthma therapy 

      Tse, Sze Man; Tantisira, Kelan; Weiss, Scott Tillman (Nature Publishing Group, 2011)
      Despite the availability of several classes of asthma medications and their overall effectiveness, a significant portion of patients fail to respond to these therapeutic agents. Evidence suggests that genetic factors may ...

    • Pharmacogenomic test that predicts response to inhaled corticosteroids in adults with asthma likely to be cost-saving 

      Wu, Ann Chen; Gay, Charlene; Rett, Melisa; Stout, Natasha Kay; Weiss, Scott Tillman; Fuhlbrigge, Anne Louise (Future Medicine Ltd, 2015)
      Aim: To identify the clinical and economic circumstances under which a pharmacogenomic test that predicts response to inhaled corticosteroids might be a cost-effective option for individuals with asthma. Materials & ...

    • Phenotypic and tumor molecular characterization of colorectal cancer in relation to a susceptibility SMAD7 variant associated with survival 

      Garcia-Albeniz, Xabier; Nan, Hongmei; Valeri, Linda; Morikawa, Teppei; Kuchiba, Aya; Phipps, Amanda; Hutter, Carolyn; Peters, Ulrike; Newcomb, Polly; Fuchs, Charles; Giovannucci, Edward; Ogino, Shuji; Chan, Andrew (Oxford University Press, 2013)
      The minor allele (G) of rs4939827, a SMAD7 (18q21) intronic variant, is associated with a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) and poorer survival after diagnosis. Our objective was to evaluate the associations ...

    • PHF8 and REST/NRSF co-occupy gene promoters to regulate proximal gene expression 

      Wang, Juan; Lin, Xueqiu; Wang, Su; Wang, Chenfei; Wang, Qixuan; Duan, Xikun; Lu, Peng; Wang, Qian; Wang, Chengyang; Liu, X. Shirley; Huang, Jinyan (Nature Publishing Group, 2014)
      Chromatin regulators play an important role in the development of human diseases. In this study, we focused on Plant Homeo Domain Finger protein 8 (PHF8), a chromatin regulator that has attracted special concern recently. ...

    • Phobic Anxiety and Plasma Levels of Global Oxidative Stress in Women 

      Hagan, Kaitlin; Wu, Tianying; Rimm, Eric Bruce::0ab2926c8242f35e5a982e3cf59f4987::600; Eliassen, A. Heather; Okereke, Olivia (2015)
      Background and Objectives: Psychological distress has been hypothesized to be associated with adverse biologic states such as higher oxidative stress and inflammation. Yet, little is known about associations between a ...

    • Phobic Anxiety is Associated with Higher Serum Concentrations of Adipokines and Cytokines in Women with Diabetes 

      Brennan, Aoife M.; Fargnoli, Jessica L.; Williams, Catherine J.; Li, Tricia; Willett, Walter C.; Kawachi, Ichiro; Qi, Lu; Hu, Frank B.; Mantzoros, Christos S. (American Diabetes Association, 2009)
      OBJECTIVE: Phobic anxiety has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether associations of phobic anxiety with ...

    • Phobic anxiety symptom scores and incidence of type 2 diabetes in US men and women 

      Farvid, Maryam; Qi, Lu; Hu, Frank; Kawachi, Ichiro; Okereke, Olivia; Kubzansky, Laura; Willett, Walter C.::94559ea206eef8a8844fc5b80654fa5b::600 (, 2014)
      Context: Emotional stress may be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the relation between phobic anxiety symptoms and risk of T2D is uncertain. Objective: To evaluate prospectively the association between phobic ...

    • Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor‐Based Vasodilation Improves Oxygen Delivery and Clinical Outcomes Following Stage 1 Palliation 

      Mills, Kimberly I.; Kaza, Aditya K.; Walsh, Brian K.; Bond, Hilary C.; Ford, Mackenzie; Wypij, David; Thiagarajan, Ravi R.; Almodovar, Melvin C.; Quinonez, Luis G.; Baird, Christopher W.; Emani, Sitaram E.; Pigula, Frank A.; DiNardo, James A.; Kheir, John N. (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)
      Background: Systemic vasodilation using α‐receptor blockade has been shown to decrease the incidence of postoperative cardiac arrest following stage 1 palliation (S1P), primarily when utilizing the modified Blalock‐Taussig ...

    • Phosphorylation of the Peptidoglycan Synthase PonA1 Governs the Rate of Polar Elongation in Mycobacteria 

      Kieser, Karen J.; Boutte, Cara C.; Kester, Jemila C.; Baer, Christina E.; Barczak, Amy K.; Meniche, Xavier; Chao, Michael C.; Rego, E. Hesper; Sassetti, Christopher M.; Fortune, Sarah M.; Rubin, Eric J. (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Cell growth and division are required for the progression of bacterial infections. Most rod-shaped bacteria grow by inserting new cell wall along their mid-section. However, mycobacteria, including the human pathogen ...

    • A photoactivable multi-inhibitor nanoliposome for tumour control and simultaneous inhibition of treatment escape pathways 

      Spring, Bryan Q.; Sears, R. Bryan; Zheng, Lei Zak; Mai, Zhiming; Watanabe, Reika; Sherwood, Margaret E.; Schoenfeld, David A.; Pogue, Brian W.; Pereira, Stephen P.; Villa, Elizabeth; Hasan, Tayyaba (2015)
      Nanoscale drug delivery vehicles can facilitate multimodal therapies of cancer by promoting tumour-selective drug release. However, few are effective because cancer cells develop ways to resist and evade treatment. Here, ...

    • Photochemical Tissue Passivation Reduces Vein Graft Intimal Hyperplasia in a Swine Model of Arteriovenous Bypass Grafting 

      Goldstone, Robert N.; McCormack, Michael C.; Khan, Saiqa I.; Salinas, Harry M.; Meppelink, Amanda; Randolph, Mark A.; Watkins, Michael T.; Redmond, Robert W.; Austen, William G. (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)
      Background: Bypass grafting remains the standard of care for coronary artery disease and severe lower extremity ischemia. Efficacy is limited by poor long‐term venous graft patency secondary to intimal hyperplasia (IH) ...

    • Phylodynamic analysis of HIV sub-epidemics in Mochudi, Botswana 

      Novitsky, Vladimir A.; Kühnert, Denise; Moyo, Sikhulile; Widenfelt, Erik; Okui, Lillian; Essex, Myron Elmer (Elsevier BV, 2015)
      Southern Africa continues to be the epicenter of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This HIV-1 subtype C epidemic has a predominantly heterosexual mode of virus transmission and high (>15%) HIV prevalence among adults. The epidemiological ...

    • Phylogenetic Dependency Networks: Inferring Patterns of CTL Escape and Codon Covariation in HIV-1 Gag 

      Brumme, Zabrina L.; Rousseau, Christine M.; Brumme, Chanson J.; Matthews, Philippa; Kadie, Carl; Mullins, James I.; Harrigan, P. Richard; Heckerman, David; Carlson, Jonathan M.; Walker, Bruce David; Goulder, Philip J. (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      HIV avoids elimination by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) through the evolution of escape mutations. Although there is mounting evidence that these escape pathways are broadly consistent among individuals with similar human ...

    • Phylogenetic footprinting of transcription factor binding sites in proteobacterial genomes 

      McCue, L. A.; Thompson, William; Carmack, C. Steven; Ryan, Michael P.; Liu, Jun; Derbyshire, Victoria; Lawrence, Charles E. (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2001)
      Toward the goal of identifying complete sets of transcription factor (TF)-binding sites in the genomes of several gamma proteobacteria, and hence describing their transcription regulatory networks, we present a phylogenetic ...

    • Phylogenetic Relatedness of Circulating HIV-1C Variants in Mochudi, Botswana 

      Novitsky, Vladimir; Bussmann, Hermann; Logan, Andrew; Moyo, Sikhulile; van Widenfelt, Erik; Okui, Lillian; Mmalane, Mompati; Baca, Jeannie; Buck, Lauren; Phillips, Eleanor; Tim, David; McLane, Mary Fran; Lei, Quanhong; Wang, Rui; Makhema, Joseph; Lockman, Shahin; DeGruttola, Victor; Essex, M. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Background: Determining patterns of HIV transmission is increasingly important for the most efficient use of modern prevention interventions. HIV phylogeny can provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying ...

    • Phylogenomics of nonavian reptiles and the structure of the ancestral amniote genome 

      Shedlock, A. M.; Botka, C. W.; Zhao, S.; Shetty, J.; Zhang, T.; Liu, Jun; Deschavanne, P. J.; Edwards, Scott V. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007)
      We report results of a megabase-scale phylogenomic analysis of the Reptilia, the sister group of mammals. Large-scale end-sequence scanning of genomic clones of a turtle, alligator, and lizard reveals diverse, mammal-like ...

    • A phylogeny-based sampling strategy and power calculator informs genome-wide associations study design for microbial pathogens 

      Farhat, Maha R; Shapiro, B Jesse; Sheppard, Samuel K; Colijn, Caroline; Murray, Megan (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Whole genome sequencing is increasingly used to study phenotypic variation among infectious pathogens and to evaluate their relative transmissibility, virulence, and immunogenicity. To date, relatively little has been ...

    • Phylogeographic variation in recombination rates within a global clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 

      Castillo-Ramírez, Santiago; Corander, Jukka; Marttinen, Pekka; Aldeljawi, Mona; Hanage, William P; Westh, Henrik; Boye, Kit; Gulay, Zeynep; Bentley, Stephen D; Parkhill, Julian; Holden, Matthew T; Feil, Edward J (BioMed Central, 2013)
      Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a powerful tool for understanding both patterns of descent over time and space (phylogeography) and the molecular processes underpinning genome divergence in pathogenic ...