Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 4833-4852 of 6362
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Prevalence of asthma and allergies in children from the Greek-Cypriot and Turkish-Cypriot communities in Cyprus: a bi-communal cross-sectional study
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: The Greek-Cypriot (G/C) and Turkish-Cypriot (T/C) communities have lived apart since 1974, with the former presumably adopting a more westernized way of life. We estimated the prevalence of asthma and allergies ... -
The prevalence of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth in urban Tanzania
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: In many countries, rates of facility-based childbirth have increased substantially in recent years. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the acceptability and quality of maternal health services ... -
Prevalence of early-onset neonatal infection among newborns of mothers with bacterial infection or colonization: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Although neonatal infections cause a significant proportion of deaths in the first week of life, little is known about the burden of neonatal disease originating from maternal infection or colonization globally. ... -
Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Risk Factors among 34,111 HAART Naïve HIV-Infected Adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2016)Background:. Elevated blood pressure has been reported among treatment naïve HIV-infected patients. We investigated prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in a HAART naïve HIV-infected population in Dar ... -
Prevalence of purging at age 16 and associations with negative outcomes among girls in three community-based cohorts
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2014)Background: The comorbidity of purging behaviours, such as vomiting, inappropriate use of laxatives, diuretics or slimming medications, has been examined in literature. However, most studies do not include adolescents, ... -
Prevalence of symptoms of vaginal fistula in 19 sub-Saharan Africa countries: a meta-analysis of national household survey data
(Elsevier BV, 2015)Background Vaginal fistula is a serious medical disorder characterised by an abnormal opening between the vagina and the bladder or rectum, which results in continuous leakage of urine or stool. The burden of this disorder ... -
The prevalence of vision impairment and blindness among older adults in India: findings from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022-11-07) -
Prevalence of, Evolution of, and Risk Factors for Fat Atrophy and Fat Deposition in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Men and Women
(Oxford University Press, 2005)Background. At present, no uniform definition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipoatrophy exists. The risk factors for fat atrophy ( FA) and central fat deposition (FD) are multifactorial. We assessed the ... -
Prevalent Hallucinations during Medical Internships: Phantom Vibration and Ringing Syndromes
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Phantom vibration syndrome is a type of hallucination reported among mobile phone users in the general population. Another similar perception, phantom ringing syndrome, has not been previously described in the ... -
Preventing delayed diagnosis of cancer: clinicians’ views on main problems and solutions
(Edinburgh University Global Health Society, 2016)Background: Delayed diagnosis is a major contributing factor to the UK’s lower cancer survival compared to many European countries. In the UK, there is a significant national variation in early cancer diagnosis. Healthcare ... -
Preventing Slips and Falls through Leisure-Time Physical Activity: Findings from a Study of Limited-Service Restaurants
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background/Objective Physical activity has been shown to be beneficial at improving health in some medical conditions and in preventing injury. Epidemiologic studies suggest that physical activity is one factor associated ... -
Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in Ethiopia: a cost-effectiveness analysis
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: The coverage of prevention and treatment strategies for ischemic heart disease and stroke is very low in Ethiopia. In view of Ethiopia’s meager healthcare budget, it is important to identify the most cost-effective ... -
Prevention of Developmental Neurotoxicity
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2017) -
Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy
(New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM/MMS), 2011)BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. METHODS: In nine countries, we enrolled 1763 couples ... -
Prevention of HPV-Related Cancers in Norway: Cost-Effectiveness of Expanding the HPV Vaccination Program to Include Pre-Adolescent Boys
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Increasingly, countries have introduced female vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV), causally linked to several cancers and genital warts, but few have recommended vaccination of boys. Declining vaccine ... -
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: a phase III, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of a short course of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in women with hepatitis B virus e-antigen
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is complicated by cirrhosis and liver cancer. In Thailand, 6-7 % of adults are chronically infected with HBV. The risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV has ... -
Primary Antimicrobial Resistance among Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolates from HIV Seropositive and HIV Seronegative Patients in Dar es Salaam Tanzania
(BioMed Central, 2008)Background: The United Republic of Tanzania is one of the 22 high M. tuberculosis burden countries. Data collected between 2002 and 2007 indicate that the global prevalence of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis including MDR ... -
Primary care clinicians’ experiences prescribing HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis at a specialized community health centre in Boston: lessons from early adopters
(International AIDS Society, 2016)Introduction: An estimated 1.2 million Americans have indications for using antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV acquisition. For many of these at-risk individuals, the best opportunity to learn ... -
Primary Care Providers’ Views on Using Lung Age as an Aid to Smoking Cessation Counseling for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
(Springer Nature, 2015)Purpose Smoking cessation is the primary goal for managing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who smoke. However, previous studies have demonstrated poor cessation rates. The “lung age” concept ... -
Primary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
(BMC, 2010)Colorectal cancer has been strongly associated with a Western lifestyle. In the past several decades, much has been learned about the dietary, lifestyle, and medication risk factors for this malignancy. Although there is ...