Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 831-850 of 6362

    • Body-Mass Index and Mortality Risk in US Blacks Compared to Whites 

      Jackson, Chandra L.; Wang, Nae-Yuh; Yeh, Hsin-Chieh; Szklo, Moyses; Dray-Spira, Rosemary; Brancati, Frederick L. (2013)
      Objective: To compare body-mass index (BMI)-related mortality risk in US Blacks vs. Whites as the relationship appears to differ across race/ethnicity groups. Design and Methods We pooled cross-sectional surveys of nationally ...

    • Bone Mineral Density of the Spine in 11,898 Chinese Infants and Young Children: A Cross-Sectional Study 

      Xu, Haiqing; Zhao, Zhiwei; Wang, Hong; Ding, Ming; Zhou, Aiqin; Wang, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Ping; Duggan, Christopher; Hu, Frank B. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) increases progressively during childhood and adolescence and is affected by various genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to establish reference values for ...

    • Both The 'Private Option And Traditional Medicaid Expansions Improved Access To Care For Low-Income Adults 

      Sommers, Benjamin Daniel; Blendon, Robert J.; Orav, E. John (Health Affairs (Project Hope), 2016)
      Under the Affordable Care Act, thirty states and the District of Columbia have expanded eligibility for Medicaid, with several states using Medicaid funds to purchase private insurance (the “private option”). Despite ...

    • Bounding the per-protocol effect in randomized trials: an application to colorectal cancer screening 

      Swanson, Sonja A.; Holme, Øyvind; Løberg, Magnus; Kalager, Mette; Bretthauer, Michael; Hoff, Geir; Aas, Eline; Hernán, Miguel A. (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: The per-protocol effect is the effect that would have been observed in a randomized trial had everybody followed the protocol. Though obtaining a valid point estimate for the per-protocol effect requires ...

    • Brachial Artery Responses to Ambient Pollution, Temperature, and Humidity in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Repeated-Measures Study 

      Zanobetti, Antonella; Luttmann-Gibson, Heike; Horton, Edward S.; Cohen, Allison; Coull, Brent A.; Hoffmann, Barbara; Schwartz, Joel D.; Mittleman, Murray A.; Li, Yongsheng; Stone, Peter H.; de Souza, Celine; Lamparello, Brooke; Koutrakis, Petros; Gold, Diane R. (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2014)
      Background: Extreme weather and air pollution are associated with increased cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes. Objectives: In a population with diabetes, we conducted a novel assessment of vascular brachial artery ...

    • Brain Genomics Superstruct Project initial data release with structural, functional, and behavioral measures 

      Holmes, Avram J.; Hollinshead, Marisa O.; O’Keefe, Timothy M.; Petrov, Victor I.; Fariello, Gabriele R.; Wald, Lawrence L.; Fischl, Bruce; Rosen, Bruce R.; Mair, Ross W.; Roffman, Joshua L.; Smoller, Jordan W.; Buckner, Randy L. (Nature Publishing Group, 2015)
      The goal of the Brain Genomics Superstruct Project (GSP) is to enable large-scale exploration of the links between brain function, behavior, and ultimately genetic variation. To provide the broader scientific community ...

    • Brain MRI lesions and atrophy are associated with employment status in patients with multiple sclerosis 

      Tauhid, Shahamat; Chu, Renxin; Sasane, Rahul; Glanz, Bonnie I.; Neema, Mohit; Miller, Jennifer R.; Kim, Gloria; Signorovitch, James E.; Healy, Brian C.; Chitnis, Tanuja; Weiner, Howard L.; Bakshi, Rohit (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015)
      Multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly affects occupational function. We investigated the link between brain MRI and employment status. Patients with MS (n = 100) completed a Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) ...

    • Brain Swelling and Death in Children with Cerebral Malaria 

      Seydel, Karl B.; Kampondeni, Samuel D.; Valim, Clarissa; Potchen, Michael J.; Milner, Danny Arnold; Muwalo, Francis W.; Birbeck, Gretchen L.; Bradley, William; Fox, Lindsay L.; Glover, Simon J.; Hammond, Colleen A.; Heyderman, Robert S.; Chilingulo, Cowles A.; Molyneux, Malcolm E.; Taylor, Terrie E. (New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM/MMS), 2015)
      BACKGROUND: Case fatality rates among African children with cerebral malaria remain in the range of 15 to 25%. The key pathogenetic processes and causes of death are unknown, but a combination of clinical observations and ...

    • BRCA1 Recruitment to Transcriptional Pause Sites Is Required for R-Loop-Driven DNA Damage Repair 

      Hatchi, Elodie; Skourti-Stathaki, Konstantina; Ventz, Steffen; Pinello, Luca; Yen, Angela; Kamieniarz-Gdula, Kinga; Dimitrov, Stoil; Pathania, Shailja; McKinney, Kristine M.; Eaton, Matthew L.; Kellis, Manolis; Hill, Sarah J.; Parmigiani, Giovanni; Proudfoot, Nicholas J.; Livingston, David M. (Cell Press, 2015)
      Summary The mechanisms contributing to transcription-associated genomic instability are both complex and incompletely understood. Although R-loops are normal transcriptional intermediates, they are also associated with ...

    • Breakdown in the Process of Incipient Speciation in Anopheles gambiae 

      Nwakanma, Davis C.; Neafsey, Daniel Edward; Jawara, Musa; Adiamoh, Majidah; Lund, Emily; Rodrigues, Amabelia; Loua, Kovana M.; Konate, Lassana; Sy, Ngayo; Dia, Ibrahima; Awolola, T. Samson; Muskavitch, Marc; Conway, David J. (Genetics Society of America, 2013)
      Understanding genetic causes and effects of speciation in sympatric populations of sexually reproducing eukaryotes is challenging, controversial, and of practical importance for controlling rapidly evolving pests and ...

    • Breast cancer among former college athletes compared to non-athletes: A 15-year follow-up 

      Wyshak, Grace; Frisch, Rose Epstein (Cancer Research UK, 2000)
      A growing body of evidence indicates that physical activity is protective against breast cancer. In 1996-97, we conducted a 15-year follow-up of 5398 college alumnae comprised of former college athletes with their non-athletic ...

    • Breast Cancer DNA Methylation Profiles Are Associated with Tumor Size and Alcohol and Folate Intake 

      Christensen, Brock C.; Kelsey, Karl T.; Zheng, Shichun; Marsit, Carmen J.; Wrensch, Margaret R.; Wiemels, Joseph L.; Nelson, Heather H.; Karagas, Margaret R.; Kushi, Lawrence H.; Kwan, Marilyn L.; Wiencke, John K.; Horwitz, Marshall S.; Houseman, Eugene Andres (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Although tumor size and lymph node involvement are the current cornerstones of breast cancer prognosis, they have not been extensively explored in relation to tumor methylation attributes in conjunction with other tumor ...

    • Breast Cancer in Developing Countries: Opportunities for Improved Survival 

      Shulman, Lawrence Nathan; Willett, Walter C.; Sievers, Amy Claire; Knaul, Felicia Marie (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2010)
      Breast cancer survival in the USA has continually improved over the last six decades and has largely been accredited to the use of mammography, advanced surgical procedures, and adjuvant therapies. Data indicate, however, ...

    • Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Tyrol/Austria after Fifteen Years of Opportunistic Mammography Screening 

      Oberaigner, Willi; Buchberger, Wolfgang; Frede, Thomas; Knapp, Rudolf; Marth, Christian; Siebert, Uwe (BioMed Central, 2010)
      Background: The aim of this study was to analyse breast cancer incidence and mortality in Tyrol from 1970 to 2006, namely after performing more than a decade of opportunistic mammography screening and just before piloting ...

    • Breast cancer risk prediction using a polygenic risk score in the familial setting: a prospective study from the Breast Cancer Family Registry and kConFab 

      Li, Hongyan; Feng, Bingjian; Miron, Alexander; Chen, Xiaoqing; Beesley, Jonathan; Bimeh, Emmanuella; Barrowdale, Daniel; John, Esther M.; Daly, Mary B.; Andrulis, Irene L.; Buys, Saundra S.; Kraft, Peter; Thorne, Heather; Chenevix-Trench, Georgia; Southey, Melissa; Antoniou, Antonis C.; James, Paul A.; Terry, Mary Beth; Phillips, Kelly-Anne; Hopper, John L.; Mitchell, Gillian; Goldgar, David E. (2016)
      Purpose This study examined the utility of sets of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in familial but non-BRCA-associated breast cancer (BC). Methods: We derived a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 24 known BC risk ...

    • Breast cancer susceptibility loci and mammographic density 

      Tamimi, Rulla M.; Cox, David; Kraft, Peter; Colditz, Graham A.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Hunter, David J. (BMC, 2008)
      Introduction Recently, the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) conducted a multi-stage genome-wide association study and identified 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breast cancer risk. Given ...

    • Breast Tumours Maintain a Reservoir of Subclonal Diversity During Expansion 

      Minussi, Darlan C.; Nicholson, Michael; Ye, Hanghui; Davis, Alexander; Wang, Kaile; Baker, Toby; Tarabichi, Maxime; Sei, Emi; Du, Haowei; Rabbani, Mashiat; Peng, Cheng; Hu, Min; Bai, Shanshan; Lin, Yu-wei; Schalck, Aislyn; Multani, Asha; Ma, Jin; McDonald, Thomas; Casasent, Anna; Barrera, Angelica; Chen, Hui; Lim, Bora; Arun, Banu; Meric-Bernstam, Funda; Van Loo, Peter; Michor, Franziska; Navin, Nicholas E. (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-03-24)
      Our knowledge of copy number evolution during the expansion of primary breast tumors is limited. To investigate this process, we developed a single cell, single-molecule DNA sequencing method and performed copy number ...

    • Breastfeeding and maternal HIV-1 disease progression and mortality 

      Sedgh, Gilda; Spiegelman, Donna; Larsen, Ulla; Msamanga, Gernard; Fawzi, Wafaie W. (Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2004)
      Objective: To examine the association between breastfeeding and disease progression among HIV-infected women in Dares Salaam, Tanzania. Design and methods: Cohort study design with Cox proportional hazards models. Results: ...

    • Breastfeeding as an Exposure Pathway for Perfluorinated Alkylates 

      Mogensen, Ulla B.; Grandjean, Philippe; Nielsen, Flemming; Weihe, Pal; Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben (American Chemical Society (ACS), 2015)
      Perfluorinated alkylate substances (PFASs) are widely used and have resulted in human exposures worldwide. PFASs occur in breast milk, and the duration of breastfeeding is associated with serum-PFAS concentrations in ...

    • The Breathe Easier through Weight Loss Lifestyle (BE WELL) intervention: a randomized controlled trial 

      Ma, Jun; Strub, Peg; Camargo, Carlos Arturo; Xiao, Lan; Ayala, Estela; Gardner, Christopher D.; Buist, A. Sonia; Haskell, William L.; Lavori, Phillip W.; Wilson, Sandra R. (BioMed Central, 2010)
      Background: Obesity and asthma have reached epidemic proportions in the US. Their concurrent rise over the last 30 years suggests that they may be connected. Numerous observational studies support a temporally-correct, ...