Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1979-1998 of 6362
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Effects of obstructive sleep apnoea risk on postoperative respiratory complications: protocol for a hospital-based registry study
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2016)Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), the most common type of sleep-disordered breathing, is associated with significant immediate and long-term morbidity, including fragmented sleep and impaired daytime functioning, ... -
Effects of Particulate Air Pollution on Blood Pressure in a Highly Exposed Population in Beijing, China: A Repeated-Measure Study
(BioMed Central, 2011)Background: Particulate Matter (PM) exposure is critical in Beijing due to high population density and rapid increase in vehicular traffic. PM effects on blood pressure (BP) have been investigated as a mechanism mediating ... -
Effects of particulate matter exposure on blood 5-hydroxymethylation: results from the Beijing truck driver air pollution study
(Taylor & Francis, 2015)Previous studies have reported epigenetic changes induced by environmental exposures. However, previous investigations did not distinguish 5-methylcytosine (5mC) from a similar oxidative form with opposite functions, ... -
Effects of Particulate Matter on Genomic DNA Methylation Content and iNOS Promoter Methylation
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2008)Background: Altered patterns of gene expression mediate the effects of particulate matter (PM) on human health, but mechanisms through which PM modifies gene expression are largely undetermined.Objectives We aimed at ... -
Effects of Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin on Bone Turnover Markers in HIV/Hepatitis C Virus-Coinfected Patients
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2016)Abstract HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients have a 3-fold increased fracture incidence compared to uninfected patients. The impact of HCV therapy on bone health is unclear. We evaluated bone turnover markers (BTM) in ... -
Effects of Prenatal Social Stress and Maternal Dietary Fatty Acid Ratio on Infant Temperament: Does Race Matter?
(2014)Background: Infant temperament predicts a range of developmental and behavioral outcomes throughout childhood. Both maternal fatty acid intake and psychosocial stress exposures during pregnancy may influence infant ... -
Effects of Proximate Foreclosed Properties on Individuals' Systolic Blood Pressure in Massachusetts, 1987–2008
(, 2014)Background-No studies have examined the effects of local foreclosure activity on neighbors' blood pressure, despite the fact that spillover effects of nearby foreclosures include many known risk factors for increased blood ... -
Effects of Proximate Foreclosed Properties on Individuals’ Weight Gain in Massachusetts, 1987–2008
(Wiley, 2013)Objectives. We assessed the extent to which living near foreclosed properties is associated with individuals' subsequent weight gain.Methods. We linked health and address information on 2068 Framingham Offspring Cohort ... -
Effects of Racial Prejudice on the Health of Communities: A Multilevel Survival Analysis
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Objectives. We examined whether and how racial prejudice at both the individual and community levels contributes to mortality risk among majority as well as minority group members.Methods. We used data on racial attitudes ... -
Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on human serum metabolite profile: results from the KORA cohort study
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: Metabolomics helps to identify links between environmental exposures and intermediate biomarkers of disturbed pathways. We previously reported variations in phosphatidylcholines in male smokers compared with ... -
The effects of socioeconomic status and indices of physical environment on reduced birth weight and preterm births in Eastern Massachusetts
(BioMed Central, 2008)Background: Air pollution and social characteristics have been shown to affect indicators of health. While use of spatial methods to estimate exposure to air pollution has increased the power to detect effects, questions ... -
The Effects of Stress at Work and at Home on Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction
(Public Library of Science, 2014)This study examined whether stress at work and at home may be related to dysregulation of inflammation and endothelial function, two important contributors to the development of cardiovascular disease. In order to explore ... -
Effects Of The ACA’s Health Insurance Marketplaces On The Previously Uninsured: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis
(Health Affairs (Project Hope), 2018)Descriptive studies have suggested that the Affordable Care Act’s (ACA) health insurance Marketplaces improved access to care. However, no quasi-experimental evidence is currently available to support these findings. We ... -
Effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Eating Plan on Cardiovascular Risks among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
(American Diabetes Association, 2011)Objective: To determine the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern on cardiometabolic risks in type 2 diabetic patients. Research design and methods: A randomized crossover clinical ... -
Effects of the I559P gp41 Change on the Conformation and Function of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Membrane Envelope Glycoprotein Trimer
(Public Library of Science, 2015)The mature human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer is produced by proteolytic cleavage of a precursor and consists of three gp120 exterior and three gp41 transmembrane subunits. The metastable ... -
Effects of Vitamin A Supplementation on Immune Responses and Correlation with Clinical Outcomes
(American Society for Microbiology, 2005)Vitamin A supplementation to preschool children is known to decrease the risks of mortality and morbidity from some forms of diarrhea, measles, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and malaria. These effects are ... -
Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on C-peptide and 25-hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations at 3 and 6 Months
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015)The link between African-Americans’ disproportionate rates of diabetes, obesity and vitamin D deficiency may be marked by C-peptide as an indicator of insulin secretion. We hypothesize that vitamin D supplementation will ... -
Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Kupffer cell phagosomal motility, bacterial clearance, and liver function
(Dove Medical Press, 2015)Background: Zinc oxide engineered nanoparticles (ZnO ENPs) have potential as nanomedicines due to their inherent properties. Studies have described their pulmonary impact, but less is known about the consequences of ZnO ... -
Effects on Coronary Heart Disease of Increasing Polyunsaturated Fat in Place of Saturated Fat: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Reduced saturated fat (SFA) consumption is recommended to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD), but there is an absence of strong supporting evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of clinical CHD ... -
Efficacy and safety of an extended nevirapine regimen in infant children of breastfeeding mothers with HIV-1 infection for prevention of postnatal HIV-1 transmission (HPTN 046): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
(Elsevier BV, 2012)Background Nevirapine given once-daily for the first 6, 14, or 28 weeks of life to infants exposed to HIV-1via breastfeeding reduces transmission through this route compared with single-dose nevirapine at birth or ...