Now showing items 3323-3342 of 6362

    • Innate biology versus lifestyle behaviour in the aetiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes: the GLACIER Study 

      Poveda, Alaitz; Koivula, Robert W.; Ahmad, Shafqat; Barroso, Inês; Hallmans, Göran; Johansson, Ingegerd; Renström, Frida; Franks, Paul W. (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015)
      Aims/hypothesis We compared the ability of genetic (established type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, 2 h glucose and obesity variants) and modifiable lifestyle (diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol and education) risk ...
    • Innovation and Access to Medicines for Neglected Populations: Could a Treaty Address a Broken Pharmaceutical R&D System? 

      Bermudez, Jorge; 't Hoen, Ellen; Moon, Suerie (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      As part of a cluster of articles leading up to the 2012 World Health Report and critically reflecting on the theme of “no health without research,” Suerie Moon and colleagues argue for a global health R&D treaty to improve ...
    • Innovations in nutrition education and global health: the Bangalore Boston nutrition collaborative 

      Kuriyan, Rebecca; Griffiths, Jeffrey K; Finkelstein, Julia L; Thomas, Tinku; Raj, Tony; Bosch, Ronald J; Kurpad, Anura V; Duggan, Christopher (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Background: India has a wide range of nutrition and health problems which require professionals with appropriate skills, knowledge and trans-disciplinary collaborative abilities to influence policy making at the national ...
    • An Innovative Influenza Vaccination Policy: Targeting Last Season's Patients 

      Yamin, Dan; Gavious, Arieh; Solnik, Eyal; Davidovitch, Nadav; Balicer, Ran D.; Galvani, Alison P.; Pliskin, Joseph S. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Influenza vaccination is the primary approach to prevent influenza annually. WHO/CDC recommendations prioritize vaccinations mainly on the basis of age and co-morbidities, but have never considered influenza infection ...
    • Innovative research methods for studying treatments for rare diseases: methodological review 

      Gagne, Joshua J; Thompson, Lauren; O’Keefe, Kelly; Kesselheim, Aaron S (BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2014)
      Objective: To examine methods for generating evidence on health outcomes in patients with rare diseases. Design: Methodological review of existing literature. Setting: PubMed, Embase, and Academic Search Premier searched ...
    • An innovative safe anesthesia and analgesia package for emergency pediatric procedures and surgeries when no anesthetist is available 

      Schwartz, Kevin R.; Fredricks, Karla; Al Tawil, Zaid; Kandler, Taylor; Odenyo, Stella A.; Imbamba, Javan; Nelson, Brett D.; Burke, Thomas F. (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016)
      Background: Adequate pain control through sedation and anesthesia for emergency procedures is a crucial aspect of pediatric emergency care. Resources for administering such anesthesia are extremely limited in many low-income ...
    • Insights into an Optimization of Plasmodium vivax Sal-1 In Vitro Culture: The Aotus Primate Model 

      Shaw-Saliba, Kathryn; Thomson-Luque, Richard; Obaldía, Nicanor; Nuñez, Marlon; Dutary, Sahir; Lim, Caeul; Barnes, Samantha; Kocken, Clemens H. M.; Duraisingh, Manoj T.; Adams, John H.; Pasini, Erica M. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Malaria is one of the most significant tropical diseases, and of the Plasmodium species that cause human malaria, P. vivax is the most geographically widespread. However, P. vivax remains a relatively neglected human ...
    • Insights into Assessing the Genetics of Endometriosis 

      Rahmioglu, Nilufer; Missmer, Stacey Ann; Montgomery, Grant W.; Zondervan, Krina T. (Current Science Inc., 2012)
      Endometriosis is a complex disease arising from the interplay between multiple genetic and environmental factors. The genetic variants potentially underlying the hereditary component of endometriosis have been widely ...
    • Insights into the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis from stage 1 of the arcOGEN study 

      Panoutsopoulou, K; Southam, L; Wrayner, N; Zhai, G; Beazley, C; Thorleifsson, G; Arden, N K; Chapman, K; Deloukas, P; McCaskie, A; Ollier, W E R; Ralston, S H; Spector, T D; Valdes, A M; Wallis, G A; Arden, E; Battley, K; Blackburn, H; Blanco, F J; Bumpstead, S; Cupples, L A; Day-Williams, A G; Dixon, K; Doherty, S A; Esko, T; Evangelou, E; Felson, D; Gomez-Reino, J J; Gwilliam, R; Halldorsson, B V; Hauksson, V B; Ingvarsson, T; Jonsdottir, I; Jonsson, H; Keen, R; Kerkhof, H J M; Kloppenburg, M G; Koller, N; Lakenberg, N; Lane, N E; Metspalu, A; Meulenbelt, I; Nevitt, M C; Parimi, N; Potter, S C; Rego-Perez, I; Riancho, J A; Sherburn, K; Slagboom, P E; Stefansson, K; Styrkarsdottir, U; Sumillera, M; Swift, D; Thorsteinsdottir, U; Tsezou, A; Uitterlinden, A G; van Meurs, J B J; Watkins, B; Zmuda, J M; Zeggini, E; Loughlin, J; Ioannidis, John; Elliot, K S; Carr, A; Doherty, M; Wilkinson, J M; Gonzalez, A; Gordon, A; Hofman, A; Hunt, S E; Lee, A T; Wheeler, M; Mitchell, S; Zhu, Y; O'Neill, F (BMJ Group, 2010)
      Objectives: The genetic aetiology of osteoarthritis has not yet been elucidated. To enable a well-powered genome-wide association study (GWAS) for osteoarthritis, the authors have formed the arcOGEN Consortium, a UK-wide ...
    • Insights into Vibrio cholerae Intestinal Colonization from Monitoring Fluorescently Labeled Bacteria 

      Millet, Yves A.; Alvarez, David; Ringgaard, Simon; von Andrian, Ulrich H.; Davis, Brigid M.; Waldor, Matthew K. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Vibrio cholerae, the agent of cholera, is a motile non-invasive pathogen that colonizes the small intestine (SI). Most of our knowledge of the processes required for V. cholerae intestinal colonization is derived from ...
    • Instant Noodle Intake and Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Distinct Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Korea 

      Shin, H. J.; Cho, E.; Lee, H.-J.; Fung, T. T.; Rimm, Eric Bruce::0ab2926c8242f35e5a982e3cf59f4987::600; Rosner, B.; Manson, J. E.; Wheelan, K.; Hu, F. B. (Oxford University Press, 2014)
      The consumption of instant noodles is relatively high in Asian populations. It is unclear whether a higher intake of instant noodles is associated with cardiometabolic risk independent of overall dietary patterns. We ...
    • Institutionalizing postpartum intrauterine device (IUD) services in Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and Nepal: study protocol for a cluster-randomized stepped-wedge trial 

      Canning, David; Shah, Iqbal H.; Pearson, Erin; Pradhan, Elina; Karra, Mahesh; Senderowicz, Leigh; Bärnighausen, Till; Spiegelman, Donna; Langer, Ana (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: During the year following the birth of a child, 40% of women are estimated to have an unmet need for contraception. The copper IUD provides safe, effective, convenient, and long-term contraceptive protection ...
    • Instrumental variable approaches to identifying the causal effect of educational attainment on dementia risk 

      Nguyen, Thu; Tchetgen, Eric J. Tchetgen; Kawachi, Ichiro; Gilman, Stephen; Walter, Stefan; Liu, Sze; Manly, Jennifer; Glymour, M. Maria (, 2016)
      Purpose: Education is an established correlate of cognitive status in older adulthood, but whether expanding educational opportunities would improve cognitive functioning remains unclear given limitations of prior studies ...
    • Insulin resistance in HIV-infected youth is associated with decreased mitochondrial respiration 

      Takemoto, Jody K.; Miller, Tracie L.; Wang, Jiajia; Jacobson, Denise L.; Geffner, Mitchell E.; Van Dyke, Russell B.; Gerschenson, Mariana (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016)
      Objective: To identify relationships between insulin resistance (IR) and mitochondrial respiration in perinatally HIV-infected youth. Design: Case–control study. Methods: Mitochondrial respiration was assessed in perinatally ...
    • Insulin resistance, subclinical left ventricular remodeling, and the obesity paradox: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis 

      Shah, Ravi Vikram; Abbasi, Siddique Akbar; Heydari, Bobby; Rickers, Carsten; Jacobs, David R; Wang, Lu; Kwong, Raymond Yan-Kit; Bluemke, David A; Lima, Joao A; Jerosch-Herold, Michael (BioMed Central, 2013)
    • Insulin-like growth factor 1 in relation to prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia 

      Mantzoros, C. S.; Tzonou, A.; Signorello, L. B.; Stampfer, M.; Trichopoulos, D.; Adami, H-O (Springer Nature, 1997)
    • Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women 

      Rajpathak, Swapnil N.; He, Meian; Sun, Qi; Kaplan, Robert C.; Muzumdar, Radhika; Rohan, Thomas E.; Gunter, Marc J.; Pollak, Michael; Kim, Mimi; Pessin, Jeffrey E.; Beasley, Jeannette; Wylie-Rosett, Judith; Hu, Frank B.; Strickler, Howard D. (American Diabetes Association, 2012)
      IGF-I shares structural homology and in vitro metabolic activity with insulin. Laboratory models suggest that IGF-I and its binding proteins IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 have potentially beneficial effects on diabetes risk, whereas ...
    • Insulin-like Growth Factor Pathway Genetic Polymorphisms, Circulating IGF1 and IGFBP3, and Prostate Cancer Survival 

      Cao, Yin; Lindström, Sara; Schumacher, Fredrick; Stevens, Victoria; Albanes, Demetrius; Berndt, Sonja; Boeing, Heiner; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Canzian, Federico; Chamosa, Saioa; Chanock, Stephen; Diver, W. Ryan; Gapstur, Susan; Gaziano, J. Michael; Giovannucci, Edward; Haiman, Christopher; Henderson, Brian; Johansson, Mattias; Loïc Le Marchand; Palli, Domenico; Rosner, Bernard; Siddiq, Afshan; Stampfer, Meir; Stram, Daniel; Tamimi, Rulla; Travis, Ruth; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Willett, Walter C.::94559ea206eef8a8844fc5b80654fa5b::600; Yeager, Meredith; Kraft, Peter; Hsing, Ann; Pollak, Michael; Lin, Xihong; Ma, Jing (Oxford University Press, 2014)
    • Insulin-like Growth Factor Pathway Genetic Polymorphisms, Circulating IGF1 and IGFBP3, and Prostate Cancer Survival 

      Cao, Yin; Lindström, Sara; Schumacher, Fredrick; Stevens, Victoria; Albanes, Demetrius; Berndt, Sonja; Boeing, Heiner; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Canzian, Federico; Chamosa, Saioa; Chanock, Stephen; Diver, W. Ryan; Gapstur, Susan; Gaziano, J. Michael; Giovannucci, Edward; Haiman, Christopher; Henderson, Brian; Johansson, Mattias; Loïc Le Marchand; Palli, Domenico; Rosner, Bernard; Siddiq, Afshan; Stampfer, Meir; Stram, Daniel; Tamimi, Rulla; Travis, Ruth; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Willett, Walter C.::94559ea206eef8a8844fc5b80654fa5b::600; Yeager, Meredith; Kraft, Peter; Hsing, Ann; Pollak, Michael; Lin, Xihong; Ma, Jing (Oxford University Press, 2014)
    • Insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and lobule type in the Nurses' Health Study II 

      Rice, Megan Siobhan; Tamimi, Rulla May; Connolly, James Leo; Collins, Laura Christine; Shen, Dejun; Pollak, Michael N; Rosner, Bernard Alfred; Hankinson, Susan Elizabeth; Tworoger, Shelley Slate (BioMed Central, 2012)
      Introduction: Previous research in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the NHSII observed that, among women diagnosed with benign breast disease (BBD), those with predominant type 1/no type 3 lobules (a marker of complete ...