Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 4698-4717 of 6362

    • Practitioner approaches to measuring community resilience: The analysis of the resilience of communities to disasters toolkit 

      Patel, Sonny; Patel, Ronak; Clark-Ginsberg, Aaron; McCaul, Bernard; Bremaud, Isabelle; Cáceres, Gabriela; Mpanje, Desire (Elsevier BV, 2020-11)
      To be useful for operational programs, measures of resilience must not just be valid, but be easy to use and useful. Unfortunately, while resilience measurement techniques have progressed tremendously over the past decade, ...

    • Pre-Adolescent Cardio-Metabolic Associations and Correlates: PACMAC methodology and study protocol 

      Castro, Nicholas; Faulkner, James; Skidmore, Paula; Williams, Michelle; Lambrick, Danielle M; Signal, Leigh; Thunders, Michelle; Muller, Diane; Lark, Sally; Hamlin, Mike; Lane, Andrew M; Kingi, Te Kani; Stoner, Lee (BMJ Publishing Group, 2014)
      Introduction: Although cardiovascular disease is typically associated with middle or old age, the atherosclerotic process often initiates early in childhood. The process of atherosclerosis appears to be occurring at an ...

    • Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients: a cohort study 

      Romaguera, Dora; Ward, Heather; Wark, Petra A; Vergnaud, Anne-Claire; Peeters, Petra H; van Gils, Carla H; Ferrari, Pietro; Fedirko, Veronika; Jenab, Mazda; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Dossus, Laure; Dartois, Laureen; Hansen, Camilla Plambeck; Dahm, Christina Catherine; Buckland, Genevieve; Sánchez, María José; Dorronsoro, Miren; Navarro, Carmen; Barricarte, Aurelio; Key, Timothy J; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Tsironis, Christos; Lagiou, Pagona; Masala, Giovanna; Pala, Valeria; Tumino, Rosario; Vineis, Paolo; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas; Siersema, Peter D; Ohlsson, Bodil; Jirström, Karin; Wennberg, Maria; Nilsson, Lena M; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Kühn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nick J; Tjønneland, Anne; Boeing, Heiner; Quirós, José R; Gunter, Marc J; Riboli, Elio; Norat, Teresa (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Cancer survivors are advised to follow lifestyle recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness proposed by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) for ...

    • Pre-Diagnostic Leukocyte Genomic DNA Methylation and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Women 

      Nan, Hongmei; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Wu, Kana; Selhub, Jacob; Paul, Ligi; Rosner, Bernard Alfred; Fuchs, Charles Stewart; Cho, Eunyoung (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Background: Abnormal one-carbon metabolism may lead to general genomic (global) hypomethylation, which may predispose an individual to the development of colorectal neoplasia. Methods: We evaluated the association between ...

    • Pre-diagnostic leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number and risk of lung cancer 

      Meng, Shasha; De Vivo, Immaculata; Liang, Liming; Hu, Zhibin; Christiani, David C.; Giovannucci, Edward; Han, Jiali (Impact Journals LLC, 2016)
      We prospectively investigated the relationship between mtCN and the risk of lung cancer in 463 case-control pairs from two prospective cohort studies, the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up ...

    • Pre-diagnostic leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number and skin cancer risk 

      Meng, Shasha; De Vivo, Immaculata; Liang, Liming; Giovannucci, Edward; Tang, Jean; Han, Jiali (Oxford University Press, 2016)
      No previous study has examined the association between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtCN) and skin cancer risk prospectively. We examined the associations between peripheral blood leukocytes mtCN level and the risks of ...

    • Pre-diagnostic obesity and physical inactivity are associated with shorter telomere length in prostate stromal cells 

      Joshu, Corinne; Peskoe, Sarah; Heaphy, Christopher; Kenfield, Stacey; Van Blarigan, Erin L.; Mucci, Lorelei; Giovannucci, Edward; Stampfer, Meir; Yun, GhilSuk; Lee, Thomas; Hicks, Jessica; De Marzo, Angelo M.; Meeker, Alan; Platz, Elizabeth (American Association for Cancer Research, 2015)
      Obesity and inactivity have been associated with advanced-stage prostate cancer, and poor prostate cancer outcomes, though the underlying mechanism(s) is unknown. To determine whether telomere shortening, which has been ...

    • Pre-Diagnostic Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in Women 

      Liang, Geyu; Nan, Hongmei; Qureshi, Abrar A.; Han, Jiali (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: Recent reports have shown that vitamin D status was inversely associated with the risk of various cancers. However, few studies examined the association between vitamin D levels and risk of skin cancer. Methods: ...

    • Pre-dispensing of antivirals to high-risk individuals in an influenza pandemic 

      Goldstein, Edward; Miller, Joel C.; O’Hagan, Justin J.; Lipsitch, Marc (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010)
      We consider the net benefits of pre-dispensing antivirals to high-risk individuals during an influenza pandemic, where the measure of the benefit is the number of severe outcomes (such as deaths or hospitalizations) prevented ...

    • Pre-embedding immunogold labeling to optimize protein localization at subcellular compartments and membrane microdomains of leukocytes 

      Melo, Rossana; Morgan, Ellen; Monahan-Earley, Rita; Dvorak, Ann Marie; Weller, Peter Fahey (Nature Publishing Group, 2014)
      Precise immunolocalization of proteins within a cell is central to understanding cell processes and functions such as intracellular trafficking and secretion of molecules during immune responses. Here we describe a protocol ...

    • Pre-Pregnancy Maternal Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants and Gestational Weight Gain: A Prospective Cohort Study 

      Jaacks, Lindsay M.; Boyd Barr, Dana; Sundaram, Rajeshwari; Grewal, Jagteshwar; Zhang, Cuilin; Buck Louis, Germaine M. (MDPI, 2016)
      Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been implicated in the development of obesity in non-pregnant adults. However, few studies have explored the association of POPs with gestational weight gain (GWG), an important ...

    • Pre-Travel Medical Preparation of Business and Occupational Travelers: An Analysis of the Global TravEpiNet Consortium, 2009 to 2012 

      Khan, Nomana M.; Jentes, Emily S.; Brown, Clive; Han, Pauline; Rao, Sowmya R.; Kozarsky, Phyllis; Hagmann, Stefan H.F.; LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T. (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015)
      Objectives: The aim of the study was to understand more about pre-travel preparations and itineraries of business and occupational travelers. Methods: De-identified data from 18 Global TravEpiNet clinics from January 2009 ...

    • Pre-Travel Preparation of US Travelers Going Abroad to Provide Humanitarian Service, Global TravEpiNet 2009–2011 

      Stoney, Rhett J.; Jentes, Emily S.; Sotir, Mark J.; Kozarsky, Phyllis; Rao, Sowmya R.; LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T. (The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2014)
      We analyzed characteristics of humanitarian service workers (HSWs) seen pre-travel at Global TravEpiNet (GTEN) practices during 2009–2011. Of 23,264 travelers, 3,663 (16%) travelers were classified as HSWs. Among HSWs, ...

    • Precision and Performance Characteristics of Bisulfite Conversion and Real-Time PCR (MethyLight) for Quantitative DNA Methylation Analysis 

      Ogino, Shuji; Kawasaki, Takako; Brahmandam, Mohan; Cantor, Mami; Kirkner, Gregory; Spiegelman, Donna; Makrigiorgos, G. Mike; Weisenberger, Daniel; Laird, Peter; Loda, Massimo; Fuchs, Charles (American Society for Investigative Pathology (ASIP), 2006)
      Assays to measure DNA methylation, which are important in epigenetic research and clinical diagnostics, typically rely on conversion of unmethylated. cytosine to uracil by sodium bisulfite. However, no study has comprehensively ...

    • Prediagnosis Plasma Adiponectin in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Risk According to KRAS Mutation Status 

      Inamura, Kentaro; Song, Mingyang; Jung, Seungyoun; Nishihara, Reiko; Yamauchi, Mai; Lochhead, Paul; Qian, Zhi Rong; Kim, Sun; Mima, Kosuke; Sukawa, Yasutaka; Masuda, Atsuhiro; Imamura, Yu; Zhang, Xuehong; Pollak, Michael; Mantzoros, Christos; Harris, Curtis; Giovannucci, Edward; Fuchs, Charles; Cho, Eunyoung; Chan, Andrew; Wu, Kana; Ogino, Shuji (Oxford University Press, 2016)
      Background: Low levels of adiponectin (ADIPOQ; HGNC ID; HGNC: 13633), an adipokine, are associated with obesity, adiposity, excess energy balance, and increased risk of colorectal neoplasia. Given the reported association ...

    • Prediagnostic Body Mass Index and Pancreatic Cancer Survival 

      Yuan, Chen; Bao, Ying; Wu, Chen; Kraft, Peter; Ogino, Shuji; Ng, Kimmie; Qian, Zhi Rong; Rubinson, Douglas A.; Stampfer, Meir; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Wolpin, Brian M. (American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2013)
      Purpose Although obesity is associated with increased incidence of pancreatic cancer, studies have not prospectively evaluated prediagnostic body mass index (BMI) and survival.Patients and Methods We analyzed survival by ...

    • Prediagnostic Circulating Sex Hormones Are Not Associated with Mortality for Men with Prostate Cancer 

      Gershman, Boris; Shui, Irene; Stampfer, Meir; Platz, Elizabeth; Gann, Peter; Sesso, Howard; DuPre, Natalie; Giovannucci, Edward; Mucci, Lorelei (2014)
      Background: Sex hormones play an important role in the growth and development of the prostate, and low androgen levels have been suggested to carry an adverse prognosis for men with prostate cancer (PCa). Objective: To ...

    • Prediagnostic Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Pancreatic Cancer Survival 

      Yuan, Chen; Qian, Zhi Rong; Babic, Ana; Morales-Oyarvide, Vicente; Rubinson, Douglas; Kraft, Peter; Ng, Kimmie; Bao, Ying; Giovannucci, Edward; Ogino, Shuji; Stampfer, Meir; Gaziano, John Michael; Sesso, Howard; Buring, Julie; Cochrane, Barbara; Chlebowski, Rowan; Snetselaar, Linda; Manson, JoAnn; Fuchs, Charles; Wolpin, Brian (American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2016)
      Purpose: Although vitamin D inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation in laboratory models, the association of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] with patient survival is largely unexplored. Patients and Methods: We ...

    • Prediagnostic Plasma IgE Levels and Risk of Adult Glioma in Four Prospective Cohort Studies 

      Calboli, Federico F.; Cox, David G.; Buring, Julie E.; Gaziano, J. Michael; Ma, Jing; Stampfer, Meir; Willett, Walter C.::94559ea206eef8a8844fc5b80654fa5b::600; Tworoger, Shelley S.; Hunter, David J.; Camargo, Carlos A. Jr.; Michaud, Dominique S. (Oxford University Press, 2011)
      Background Increased levels of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) because of allergies have been inversely associated with risk of glioma in observational studies. Despite consistency across studies examining history of allergies ...

    • Prediagnostic Plasma IGFBP-1, IGF-1 and Risk of Prostate Cancer 

      Cao, Yin; Nimptsch, Katharina; Shui, Irene; Platz, Elizabeth; Wu, Kana; Pollak, Michael; Kenfield, Stacey; Stampfer, Meir; Giovannucci, Edward (Wiley, 2015)
      Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer. IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-1, a marker for insulin activity, also binds IGF-1 and inhibits its action. Data on IGFBP-1 and prostate ...