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Risk Factors for Late-Stage HIV Disease Presentation at Initial HIV Diagnosis in Durban, South Africa
(Public Library of Science, 2013)
Background: After observing persistently low CD4 counts at initial HIV diagnosis in South Africa, we sought to determine risk factors for late-stage HIV disease presentation among adults. Methods: We surveyed adults prior ...
Measuring the Burden of Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Global Burden of Disease Framework
(Public Library of Science, 2007)
Reliable, comparable information about the main causes of disease and injury in populations, and how these are changing, is a critical input for debates about priorities in the health sector. Traditional sources of information ...
Are Survey-based Estimates of the Burden of Drug Resistant TB Too Low? Insight from a Simulation Study
(Public Library of Science, 2008)
Background: The emergence of tuberculosis resistant to multiple first- and second-line antibiotics poses challenges to a global control strategy that relies on standard drug treatment regimens. Highly drug-resistant strains ...
Association of Secondhand Smoke Exposure with Pediatric Invasive Bacterial Disease and Bacterial Carriage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2010)
Background: A number of epidemiologic studies have observed an association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and pediatric invasive bacterial disease (IBD) but the evidence has not been systematically reviewed. We ...
Ethnic Differences in Survival after Breast Cancer in South East Asia
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Background: The burden of breast cancer in Asia is escalating. We evaluated the impact of ethnicity on survival after breast cancer in the multi-ethnic region of South East Asia. Methodology/Principal Findings Using the ...
Absolute Humidity and the Seasonal Onset of Influenza in the Continental United States
(Public Library of Science, 2010)
Much of the observed wintertime increase of mortality in temperate regions is attributed to seasonal influenza. A recent reanalysis of laboratory experiments indicates that absolute humidity strongly modulates the airborne ...
Event Rates, Hospital Utilization, and Costs Associated with Major Complications of Diabetes: A Multicountry Comparative Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2010)
Philip Clarke and colleagues examined patient-level data for over 11,000 participants with type 2 diabetes from 20 countries and find that major complications of diabetes significantly increased hospital use and costs ...
Vitamin D Status of HIV-Infected Women and Its Association with HIV Disease Progression, Anemia, and Mortality
(Public Library of Science, 2010)
Background: Vitamin D has a potential role in slowing HIV disease progression and preventing mortality based on its extensive involvement in the immune system; however, this relationship has not been examined in large ...
Sex/Gender and Socioeconomic Differences in the Predictive Ability of Self-Rated Health for Mortality
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Background: Studies have reported that the predictive ability of self-rated health (SRH) for mortality varies by sex/gender and socioeconomic group. The purpose of this study is to evaluate this relationship in Japan and ...