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Ethics in Community-Based Research with Vulnerable Children: Perspectives from Rwanda
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
A “risk of harm” protocol to identify youth in need of immediate emergency assistance in a study on mental health and HIV in Rwanda among 680 youth ages 10–17 is described. Cases are presented that describe the experience ...
Associations between Recreational and Commuter Cycling, Changes in Cycling, and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Cohort Study of Danish Men and Women
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Background: Cycling is a recreational activity and mode of commuting with substantial potential to improve public health in many countries around the world. The aim of this study was to examine prospective associations ...
Obstetric Outcomes of Mothers Previously Exposed to Sexual Violence
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Background: There is a scarcity of data on the association of sexual violence and women's subsequent obstetric outcomes. Our aim was to investigate whether women exposed to sexual violence as teenagers (12–19 years of age) ...
An Uninformative Truth: The Logic of Amarin’s Off-Label Promotion
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Spencer Phillips Hey and Aaron Kesselheim propose that informativeness—asserting scientific facts—rather than truthfulness ought to be the standard for regulating commercial speech about pharmaceuticals.
The Case for Reforming Drug Naming: Should Brand Name Trademark Protections Expire upon Generic Entry?
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Ameet Sarpatwari and Aaron Kesselheim explore whether stripping branded drugs of trademark protection would improve the efficiency and fairness of health care.
Body Mass Index and Decline of Cognitive Function
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Background: The association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function is a public health issue. This study investigated the relationship between obesity and cognitive impairment which was assessed by the Korean ...
Predictors of Patient Dissatisfaction with Services for Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Background: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV remains a major source of new HIV infections in children. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) using lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART) for ...
Smoking and Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home Were Associated with Poor Perceived Family Well-Being: Findings of FAMILY Project
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Introduction: To investigate the associations of cigarette smoking and secondhand (SHS) exposure at home with family well-being among Chinese adults in Hong Kong. Methods: Telephone surveys were conducted among 3043 randomly ...
Community Cultural Norms, Stigma and Disclosure to Sexual Partners among Women Living with HIV in Thailand, Brazil and Zambia (HPTN 063)
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Background: Serostatus disclosure may facilitate decreased HIV transmission between serodiscordant partners by raising risk awareness and heightening the need for prevention. For women living with HIV (WLWH), the decision ...
Validity of Self-Reported Tobacco Smoke Exposure among Non-Smoking Adult Public Housing Residents
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Introduction: Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) in public multi-unit housing (MUH) is of concern. However, the validity of self-reports for determining TSE among non-smoking residents in such housing is unclear. Methods: We ...