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Short-term Preoperative Dietary Restriction Is Neuroprotective in a Rat Focal Stroke Model
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Stroke is a major complication of cardiovascular surgery, resulting in over 100,000 deaths and over a million postoperative encephalopathies annually in the US and Europe. While mitigating damage from stroke after it occurs ...
A Novel Genetic Score Approach Using Instruments to Investigate Interactions between Pathways and Environment: Application to Air Pollution
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Air pollution has been associated with increased systemic inflammation markers. We developed a new pathway analysis approach to investigate whether gene variants within relevant pathways (oxidative stress, endothelial ...
Prevention of HPV-Related Cancers in Norway: Cost-Effectiveness of Expanding the HPV Vaccination Program to Include Pre-Adolescent Boys
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Background: Increasingly, countries have introduced female vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV), causally linked to several cancers and genital warts, but few have recommended vaccination of boys. Declining vaccine ...
On the Validity of Using Increases in 5-Year Survival Rates to Measure Success in the Fight against Cancer
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Background: The 5-year survival rate of cancer patients is the most commonly used statistic to reflect improvements in the war against cancer. This idea, however, was refuted based on an analysis showing that changes in ...
The Health Effects of US Unemployment Insurance Policy: Does Income from Unemployment Benefits Prevent Cardiovascular Disease?
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Objective: Previous studies suggest that unemployment predicts increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but whether unemployment insurance programs mitigate this risk has not been assessed. Exploiting US state variations ...
A System for Household Enumeration and Re-identification in Densely Populated Slums to Facilitate Community Research, Education, and Advocacy
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Background: We devised and implemented an innovative Location-Based Household Coding System (LBHCS) appropriate to a densely populated informal settlement in Mumbai, India. Methods and Findings: LBHCS codes were designed ...
The Effects of Stress at Work and at Home on Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
This study examined whether stress at work and at home may be related to dysregulation of inflammation and endothelial function, two important contributors to the development of cardiovascular disease. In order to explore ...
Height, Socioeconomic and Subjective Well-Being Factors among U.S. Women, Ages 49–79
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Background: A vast literature has associated height with numerous factors, including biological, psychological, socioeconomic, anthropologic, genetic, environmental, and ecologic, among others. The aim of this study is to ...
Household and School-Level Influences on Smoking Behavior among Korean Adolescents: A Multilevel Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Background: Trends in adolescent smoking rates in South Korea have not shown substantial progress due to a lack of effective anti-smoking interventions and policies in school settings. Methods and Findings: We examined ...
Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure Is Associated with Childhood DNA CpG Methylation
(Public Library of Science, 2014)
Background: Smoking while pregnant is associated with a myriad of negative health outcomes in the child. Some of the detrimental effects may be due to epigenetic modifications, although few studies have investigated this ...