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Tuberculosis and Poverty: Why Are the Poor at Greater Risk in India?
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Background: Although poverty is widely recognized as an important risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) disease, the specific proximal risk factors that mediate this association are less clear. The objective of our study was ...
Mapping populations at risk: improving spatial demographic data for infectious disease modeling and metric derivation
(BioMed Central, 2012)
The use of Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in disease surveys and reporting is becoming increasingly routine, enabling a better understanding of spatial epidemiology and the ...
Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
(BMJ Group, 2012)
Objective: To examine the associations between the 2008 economic collapse in Iceland and smoking behaviour at the national and individual levels. Design: A population-based, prospective cohort study based on a mail survey ...
Association of Genetic Loci with Sleep Apnea in European Americans and African-Americans: The Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe)
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to have a strong familial basis, no genetic polymorphisms influencing apnea risk have been identified in cross-cohort analyses. We utilized the National Heart, Lung, and Blood ...
Alu and LINE-1 methylation and lung function in the normative ageing study
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2012)
Objectives: To investigate the association between methylation of transposable elements Alu and long-interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) and lung function. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Outpatient Veterans Administration ...
HIV-1 Subtypes and Recombinants in Northern Tanzania: Distribution of Viral Quasispecies
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
This study analyzed the distribution and prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes, multiplicity of HIV-1 infection, and frequency of inter-subtype recombination among HIV-1-infected female bar and hotel workers in Moshi, Kilimanjaro ...
Potential Benefits of Second-Generation Human Papillomavirus Vaccines
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Background: Current prophylactic vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) target two oncogenic types (16 and 18) that contribute to 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide. Our objective was to quantify the range of ...
Hypertension and Obesity in Adults Living in a High HIV Prevalence Rural Area in South Africa
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Hypertension and excess body weight are major risk factors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In countries with a high HIV prevalence, it is unknown how increased antiretroviral treatment ...
Functional Haplotypes of the hTERT Gene, Leukocyte Telomere Length Shortening, and the Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Background: The development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is heterogeneous even in the presence of similar risk factors. Our aim was to determine whether inter-individual differences in leukocyte telomere length ...
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Adolescent Depression in South Korea: A Multilevel Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2012)
Background: In recent years, South Korea has witnessed a sustained rise in the prevalence of adolescent depression. In the present study, we sought to investigate family and school environmental influences on adolescent ...