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Comprehensive Approaches to Identifying the Targets of Natural and Synthetic Antibodies Using Microarray DNA Synthesis and High-Throughput Sequencing
(2015-09-24)
The incredible flexibility and specificity of the humoral immune response is dependent on the highly diverse repertoire of naïve and affinity-matured antibodies. Utilizing and understanding the power of this response ...
Structural Studies of a Subunit of the Murine Cytomegalovirus Nuclear Egress Complex
(2015-01-20)
The Herpesviridae family of viruses includes a number of human pathogens of clinical importance. Like other herpesviruses, cytomegaloviruses require a heterodimeric nuclear egress complex (NEC) consisting of a membrane-bound ...
Adaptive Evolution of the SIV Envelope Protein During Early SIV Infection
(2016-03-08)
Primate lentiviruses (PLVs), including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV type 2 (HIV-2), and the simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), cause persistent lifelong infections despite the presence of virus-specific ...
Nucleotide Modifications of RNA Suppress RIG-I Antiviral Signaling by Unique Mechanisms
(2016-05-02)
In order to counter pathogen infection while preventing autoimmune responses, the human innate immune system must be precisely regulated to distinguish “self” from “non-self”. Pattern recognition receptors detect “non-self” ...
Discovery and characterization of the ligands of NK-cell receptors implicated in human diseases
(2016-08-31)
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system that act as first-line defenders against intracellular pathogens. Their functions are dictated by germline-encoded activating and inhibitory ...
TRIM27 in HSV-1 Infection: A Story of Loss and Death
(2015-04-21)
During viral infection, the host subjects the virus to an array of protective mechanisms. Viruses have evolved evasion strategies to thwart these defenses, and must simultaneously regulate multiple cellular pathways and ...
Molecular Determinants of CCR5-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Entry Into Low-CCR5 Expressing Cells
(2017-01-13)
Over 80 million people have been infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) worldwide. Despite advances in the treatment of HIV-1 infected individuals, practical cure or prevention of HIV-1 infections has not ...
Cutaneous Papillomavirus E6 Inhibit NOTCH and TGF-Beta Signaling to Disrupt Keratinocyte Differentiation.
(2017-01-19)
Cutaneous beta-papillomaviruses are associated with non-melanoma skin cancers that arise in patients who suffer from a rare genetic disorder, Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis or after immunosuppression following organ ...
Activation and Antagonism of RIG-I-Mediated Innate Immune Signaling by Herpes Simplex Virus 1
(2018-01-16)
The cytosolic innate immune receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) recognizes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that emerges during viral infection and initiates an antiviral response comprised of interferon (IFN) and ...
Functional analysis of multiple activities associated with the herpes simplex virus-1 DNA polymerase
(2018-05-11)
Of the DNA replication proteins required for herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) viral replication, the catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase (Pol) has been the most extensively studied, both as a model for Family B polymerases ...