Vision is critical for guiding behavior in species throughout the animal kingdom. Nonhuman primates have long been classic models for vision, but over the last decade, rodents have emerged as highly promising alternatives. ...

How do animals use their sensory neurons to perceive their chemical environment? How does sensory information get transformed by downstream circuits? And ultimately, how do animals generate behavior in response to chemical ...

Specialized sensory neurons innervating barrier tissues, such as the skin, are designed to detect and alert the body to a variety of noxious stimuli. Pain, an unpleasant sensation, is mediated by nociceptive neurons and ...

The human cerebral cortex shows remarkable functional specialization into regions devoted to motor, sensory, or visual functions, and these functional areas correlate with dramatic differences in cellular composition, or ...

In nature, odor cues from distant objects are sparse and highly fluctuating due to turbulent airflow. Animals may integrate odor concentration sampled over time rather than rely on transient odor concentration to effectively ...

Cutaneous mechanoreceptors are a morphologically and functionally diverse class of primary sensory neurons in mammals that transduce mechanical stimuli acting on the skin into electrical impulses. These neurons reside in ...

Behavioral experiences activate the Fos transcription factor in sparse populations of neurons that are critical for encoding and recalling specific events. However, there is limited understanding of the mechanisms by which ...

Serotonergic neurons modulate diverse functions. Evidence suggests heterogeneity across this neuronal system, with cell subsets specialized to regulate distinct biological processes. One such subpopulation shown to modulate ...

Layer 6 corticothalamic neurons (L6 CTs) are the largest component of the corticofugal projection system and one of the largest classes of projection neuron in the brain. However, the contribution of L6 CTs to brain function ...

Entities in the world comprise multiple features: how might an intelligent system, whether biological or synthetic, encode those feature combinations and put them to use in task-relevant processing? While this is a perennial ...