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HIV-1 capsid engages nucleoporin NUP153 to promote viral nuclear entry
(2014-02-25)
Lentiviruses can infect non-dividing cells, and various cellular nuclear transport proteins provide crucial functions for lentiviral nuclear entry and integration. Genome-wide small interfering RNA screens previously ...
Secretory Mechanisms of aP2: an Adipokine Integrating Adipose Depots with Metabolism
(2014-06-06)
Adipose Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) or aP2, plays an important role in several immunometabolic pathologies such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver disease, asthma, and cancer. Long considered to be ...
Regulation of microRNA activity by translation initiation factors in melanoma
(2014-06-06)
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that may regulate more than half of human genes, yet the molecular mechanism of miRNA-mediated repression remains obscure. Using a cell-free assay of miRNA activity, we show ...
Thyroid Hormone and Insulin Metabolic Actions on Energy and Glucose Homeostasis
(2014-06-06)
Faced with an environment of constantly changing nutrient availability, mammals have adapted complex homeostatic mechanisms to maintain energy balance. Deviations from this balance are largely corrected through a concerted, ...
Serum and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase Signaling in Breast Cancer
(2014-02-25)
Oncogenic activating mutations in PIK3CA, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-K), are highly prevalent in breast cancer. The protein kinase Akt is considered to be the primary effector ...
Reprogramming Pediatric Genetic Disorders: Pearson Syndrome, Ring 14 Syndrome, and Fanconi Anemia
(2014-06-06)
The effect of a single genetic mutation can vary greatly between different types of cells. The mutated gene may not be expressed in one tissue but may cause a devastating loss of function in another. To learn about disease ...
Modeling sporadic Alzheimer's disease using induced pluripotent stem cells
(2014-10-22)
Despite being the leading cause of neurodegeneration and dementia in the aging brain, the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown in most patients. The terminal pathological hallmarks of abnormal protein aggregation ...
Development of Methods for Protein Delivery and the Directed Evolution of Recombinases
(2014-10-22)
As a class, protein-based therapeutics offer tremendous advantages over traditional small molecule drugs. Due to their sizes and folding energies, proteins are ideal for catalyzing chemical reactions, and can bind tightly ...
Novel Roles for Ribonucleic Acids in Programmed Cell Death
(2014-10-22)
Apoptosis is a tightly coordinated program to shut down and dismantle a cell, characterized by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), caspase activation to cleave hundreds of proteins, DNA fragmentation, and ...
Identification of an Antiviral Signaling Variant Demonstrates Immune Regulation Through Alternative Translation
(2014-10-21)
Innate immune signaling pathways initiate host defenses against viral pathogens. Receptors specific for viral nucleic acids activate these pathways culminating in cell-to-cell communication and/or cell death. In mammals, ...