Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease with differences in histopathological and biological characteristics, variable prognoses, and response to therapy. Clinically, breast tumors are classified based on the ...

Cleft lip and/or palates (CL/P) are common congenital malformations, and mutations in the transcription factor IRF6 are the most significant genetic contributors to cleft pathogenesis. IRF6 is a master regulator of epithelial ...

Despite nearly complete understanding of the genetics of the β-hemoglobinopathies for several decades, definitive treatment options have lagged behind. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) reinduction represents a “silver bullet” for ...

Animals switch between periods of behavioral quiescence and arousal in response to environmental, circadian, or developmental cues. C. elegans exhibit periods of behavioral quiescence during larval molts (termed lethargus) ...

A complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors underlies the development of common human diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Despite widespread use of existing medications, coronary heart disease (CHD), ...

Primate lentiviruses (PLVs), including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV type 2 (HIV-2), and the simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), cause persistent lifelong infections despite the presence of virus-specific ...

The epigenetic regulation of gene transcription underlies the diversity between species and within organisms. Novel implementation of existing methods and the development of original technologies continue to contribute ...

Epigenetics inheritance is a phenomenon where a cell state is inherited across cellular divisions. It is important for maintaining differentiated cells types, and thus is fundamental to the development of multicellular ...

In Escherichia coli, cytokinesis requires the constriction of all the cell envelope layers: the inner membrane, the peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall and the outer membrane (OM). Such dramatic cell envelope remodeling requires ...

During B cell development, RAG endonuclease cleaves immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) V, D, and J gene segments and orchestrates their fusion as deletional events that assemble a V(D)J exon in the same transcriptional ...