Two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM) allows fluorescence imaging in thick biological samples where absorption and scattering typically degrade resolution and signal collection of 1-photon imaging approaches. The ...

Despite intense interest in the proteolysis of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), how the normal processing and function of this type I receptor-like glycoprotein is regulated remains ill-defined. ...

During development, intrinsic genetic programs give rise to distinct cellular lineages through the establishment of cell type specific chromatin states. These distinct chromatin states instruct gene expression primarily ...

Goal-directed episodic simulation, the imaginative construction of a hypothetical personal event or series of events focused on a specific goal, is essential to our everyday lives. We often imagine how we could solve a ...

When confronted with changing environments, animals can generally adjust their behavior to optimize reward and minimize punishment. The process of modifying one's behavior based on its consequences is referred to as operant ...

Intellectual disability is a prevalent developmental disorder for which no effective treatments are available. Mutations of the X-linked protein PHF6 cause the Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS) that is characterized ...

Somatosensory neurons are essential for detecting diverse environmental stimuli, thus critical for survival of mammals. In order to achieve sensory modality specificity, many somatosensory subtypes emerge with various ...

Alternative splicing (AS) is a major source of biological diversity and a crucial determinant of cell fate and identity. Characterizing the role of AS regulatory networks in physiological and pathological processes remains ...

The development of anxiety and mood disorders often coincides with exposure to stress. Accumulating evidence indicates that both corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and dynorphin, the endogenous ligand for the kappa-opioid ...

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how the human brain processes information about social groups in three domains. Study 1: Semantic knowledge. Participants were scanned while they answered ...