Greenstone, MichaelHanna, Rema2020-11-182011-07Greenstone, Michael, and Rema Hanna. “Environmental Regulations, Air and Water Pollution, and Infant Mortality in India.” CID Working Paper Series 2011.224, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, July 2011.https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37366248Using the most comprehensive data file ever compiled on air pollution, water pollution, environmental regulations, and infant mortality from a developing country, the paper examines the effectiveness of India’s environmental regulations. The air pollution regulations were effective at reducing ambient concentrations of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The most successful air pollution regulation is associated with a modest and statistically insignificant decline in infant mortality. However, the water pollution regulations had no observable effect. Overall, these results contradict the conventional wisdom that environmental quality is a deterministic function of income and underscore the role of institutions and politics.en-USResearch Paper or Report2020-11-18