Munger, Kassandra L.Chitnis, TanujaFrazier, A. LindsayGiovannucci, EdwardSpiegelman, DonnaAscherio, Alberto2019-09-212011Munger, Kassandra L., Tanuja Chitnis, A. Lindsay Frazier, Edward Giovannucci, Donna Spiegelman, and Alberto Ascherio. 2010. “Dietary Intake of Vitamin D during Adolescence and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis.” Journal of Neurology 258 (3): 479–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-010-5783-1.0340-53541432-1459http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41384656Adolescence may be an important etiological period in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), and studies suggest that adequate vitamin D nutrition is protective. Here, the authors examined whether dietary intake of vitamin D during adolescence decreases the risk of MS in adulthood. In 1986 in the Nurses' Health Study and in 1998 in the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII), women completed a food frequency questionnaire regarding their dietary intake during adolescence. From this, daily intake of vitamin D was calculated. Adolescent diet was available for 379 incident MS cases confirmed over the combined 44 years of follow-up in both cohorts, and for 67 prevalent cases in the NHSII who had MS at baseline (1989). Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate relative risk estimates and 95% confidence intervals. Total vitamin D intake during adolescence was not associated with MS risk. Intake of a parts per thousand yen400 IU/day of vitamin D from multivitamins was associated with a non-statistically significant reduced risk (RR compared to no intake = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.50-1.07, P = 0.11), whereas intake of whole milk, an important source of dietary vitamin D, was associated with an increased risk. The possibility of opposite effects of vitamin D and milk intake on MS risk should be considered in future studies.en-USJournal Article2019-09-2110.1007/s00415-010-5783-1