Aspuru-Guzik, AlanTempel, DavidYuen-Zhou, Joel2012-03-302012Tempel, David G., Joel Yuen-Zhou, and Alan Apuru-Guzik. 2012. Open quantum systems: density matrix formalism and applications. Fundamentals of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory. Lecture Notes in Physics 837:211-229.0075-8450http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:8472055In its original formulation, TDDFT addresses the isolated dynamics of electronic systems evolving unitarily (Runge and Gross 1984). However, there exist many situations in which the electronic degrees of freedom are not isolated, but must be treated as a subsystem imbedded in a much larger thermal bath.en-USJournal Article2012-03-3010.1007/978-3-642-23518-4_10