Joh, Hee-KyungWillett, WalterCho, Eunyoung2013-03-192011Joh, Hee-Kyung, Walter C. Willett, and Eunyoung Cho. 2011. Type 2 diabetes and the risk of renal cell cancer in women. Diabetes Care 34(7): 1552-1556.0149-5992http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10445604Objective: Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased risks of several types of cancer; however, its relationship to renal cell cancer remains unclear. Research Design and Methods: A total of 118,177 women aged 30 to 55 years at baseline (1976) were followed up through 2008 in the Nurses’ Health Study. Self-reports of physician-diagnosed diabetes were collected at baseline and updated biennially. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for age, BMI, hypertension, smoking, and parity. Results: During 32 years of follow-up (3,531,170 person-years), 16,819 cases of type 2 diabetes and 330 cases of pathology-confirmed incident renal cell cancer were documented. After multivariate adjustment, type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with an increased risk of renal cell cancer (HR 1.60 [95% CI 1.19–2.17]). These associations were consistent across different strata of BMI, smoking, and hypertension (\(P_{interaction} \geq 0.32\)). The risk of renal cell cancer increased with an increasing number of comorbidities, including obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (\(P_{trend} < 0.001\)). When compared with women without any comorbidity, women who had all three conditions had a HR of 4.13 (2.76–6.18) for renal cell cancer. Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes is independently associated with an increased risk of renal cell cancer in women. In addition, comorbidity of obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes substantially elevates the risk of renal cell cancer.en-USepidemiologyHealth Services ResearchJournal Article2013-03-1910.2337/dc11-0132