Pieroh, PhilippKoch, MarcoWagner, Daniel-ChristophBoltze, JohannesEhrlich, AngelaGhadban, ChalidHobusch, ConstanceBirkenmeier, GerdDehghani, Faramarz2014-03-112014Pieroh, Philipp, Marco Koch, Daniel-Christoph Wagner, Johannes Boltze, Angela Ehrlich, Chalid Ghadban, Constance Hobusch, Gerd Birkenmeier, and Faramarz Dehghani. 2014. “Temporal Dynamics of Glyoxalase 1 in Secondary Neuronal Injury.” PLoS ONE 9 (2): e87364. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087364.1932-6203http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11879921Background: Enhanced glycolysis leads to elevated levels of the toxic metabolite methylglyoxal which contributes to loss of protein-function, metabolic imbalance and cell death. Neurons were shown being highly susceptible to methylglyoxal toxicity. Glyoxalase 1 as an ubiquitous enzyme reflects the main detoxifying enzyme of methylglyoxal and underlies changes during aging and neurodegeneration. However, little is known about dynamics of Glyoxalase 1 following neuronal lesions so far. Methods: To determine a possible involvement of Glyoxalase 1 in acute brain injury, we analysed the temporal dynamics of Glyoxalase 1 distribution and expression by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis. Organotypic hippocampal slice cultures were excitotoxically (N-methyl-D-aspartate, 50 µM for 4 hours) lesioned in vitro (5 minutes to 72 hours). Additionally, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed (75 minutes to 60 days). Results: We found (i) a predominant localisation of Glyoxalase 1 in endothelial cells in non-lesioned brains (ii) a time-dependent up-regulation and re-distribution of Glyoxalase 1 in neurons and astrocytes and (iii) a strong increase in Glyoxalase 1 dimers after neuronal injury (24 hours to 72 hours) when compared to monomers of the protein. Conclusions: The high dynamics of Glyoxalase 1 expression and distribution following neuronal injury may indicate a novel role of Glyoxalase 1.en-USBiologyBiochemistryEnzymesHistologyMolecular Cell BiologyCellular TypesNeuronsNeuroscienceNeurochemistryNeurochemicalsGlutamateMedicineNeurologyCerebrovascular DiseasesIschemic StrokeJournal Article2014-03-1110.1371/journal.pone.0087364