Seneschal, JulienJiang, XiaodongKupper, Thomas2014-10-012013Seneschal, Julien, Xiaodong Jiang, and Thomas S. Kupper. 2013. “Langerin+ Dermal DC, but not Langerhans cells, are required for effective CD8 mediated immune responses after skin scarification with Vaccinia Virus (VACV).” The Journal of investigative dermatology 134 (3): 686-694. doi:10.1038/jid.2013.418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jid.2013.418.0022-202Xhttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12987302Skin scarification (s.s.) with Vaccinia virus (VACV) is essential for generation of an optimal protective T cell memory immune response. Dendritic Cells (DC), which are professional antigen presenting cells, are required for naïve T cell priming and activation. At least three subsets of skin resident DC have been identified: Langerhans Cells (LC), Dermal Langerin+ DC (Lang+dDC) and Dermal Langerin− DC (Lang−dDC). Using Langerin-diphtheria toxin receptor mice and established mouse model of VACV delivered by s.s., we demonstrated that Lang+dDC, but not LC, are absolutely required for the induction of a rapid and robust antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response after s.s. with VACV. The depletion of Lang+dDC led to a significant delay in the priming and proliferation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Moreover CD8+ T cells generated after VACV s.s. in the absence of Lang+dDC lacked effector cytotoxic functions both in vitro and in vivo. While s.s.-immunized WT and LC depleted mice controlled the progression of OVA257–264 expressing T cell lymphoma EG7 (injected intradermally), the depletion of Lang+dDC led to rapid lymphoma progression and mortality. These data indicate that of all skin DC subsets, Lang+dDC the most critical for the generation of robust CD8+ T cell immunity after s.s. with VACV.en-USJournal Article2014-10-0110.1038/jid.2013.418