Karlsson, Elinor KKwiatkowski, Dominic P.Sabeti, Pardis2018-01-242014Karlsson, Elinor K., Dominic P. Kwiatkowski, and Pardis C. Sabeti. 2014. “Natural Selection and Infectious Disease in Human Populations.” Nature Reviews Genetics 15 (6) (April 29): 379–393. doi:10.1038/nrg3734.1471-0056http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34728612The ancient biological 'arms race' between microbial pathogens and humans has shaped genetic variation in modern populations, and this has important implications for the growing field of medical genomics. As humans migrated throughout the world, populations encountered distinct pathogens, and natural selection increased the prevalence of alleles that are advantageous in the new ecosystems in both host and pathogens. This ancient history now influences human infectious disease susceptibility and microbiome homeostasis, and contributes to common diseases that show geographical disparities, such as autoimmune and metabolic disorders. Using new high-throughput technologies, analytical methods and expanding public data resources, the investigation of natural selection is leading to new insights into the function and dysfunction of human biology.en-USGenetics of infectious disease resistanceInfectious disease selection and common diseaseJournal Article2014-09-03Elinor K. Karlsson, Dominic P. Kwiatkowski, and Pardis C. Sabeti10.1038/nrg3734