Prather, Michael J.Jacob, Daniel2015-03-111997Prather, Michael J., and Daniel J. Jacob. 1997. “A Persistent Imbalance in HO x and NO x Photochemistry of the Upper Troposphere Driven by Deep Tropical Convection.” Geophysical Research Letters 24, no. 24: 3189–3192.0094-8276http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14117804Convection in the tropics turns over the upper troposphere at rates (0.08 d−1) comparable to photochemical processes controlling the absolute abundance of HOx (OH + HO2) and the abundance of NOx (NO + NO2) relative to HNO3. Here we identify convection of boundary-layer CH3OOH as a primary source of HOx to the upper troposphere. Turnover of NOx leads to NO/HNO3 ratios much higher than predicted for local photochemical steady-state. Through convective transport the upper troposphere is more photochemically active in producing O3, an important greenhouse gas.en-USJournal Article2015-03-1110.1029/97GL03027