Rudolph, JamesMarcantonio, EdwardCulley, DeborahSilverstein, J. H.Rasmussen, L. S.Crosby, GregoryInouye, Sharon2017-08-152008Rudolph, J. L., E. R. Marcantonio, D. J. Culley, J. H. Silverstein, L. S. Rasmussen, G. J. Crosby, and S. K. Inouye. 2008. “Delirium Is Associated with Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction.” Anaesthesia 63 (9) (June 10): 941–947. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2008.05523.x.0003-2409http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33749601The purpose of this analysis was to determine if postoperative delirium was associated with early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (at 7 days) and long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction (at 3 months). The International Study of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction recruited 1218 subjects ≥ 60 years old undergoing elective, non-cardiac surgery. Postoperatively, subjects were evaluated for delirium using the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. Subjects underwent neuropsychological testing pre-operatively and postoperatively at 7 days (n = 1018) and 3 months (n = 946). Postoperative cognitive dysfunction was defined as a composite Z-score > 2 across tests or at least two individual test Z-scores > 2. Subjects with delirium were significantly less likely to participate in postoperative testing. Delirium was associated with an increased incidence of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (adjusted risk ratio 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.1), but not long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction (adjusted risk ratio 1.3, 95% CI 0.6–2.4). Delirium was associated with early postoperative cognitive dysfunction, but the relationship of delirium to long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction remains unclear.en-USJournal Article2014-12-20100. Rudolph JL, Marcantonio ER, Culley DJ, Silverstein JH, Rasmussen LS, Crosby GJ, Inouye SK2017-08-1510.1111/j.1365-2044.2008.05523.x