Arsenault, Joanne E.Webb, Aimee L.Koulinska, Irene N.Aboud, SaidFawzi, WafaieVillamor, Eduardo2016-05-132010Arsenault, Joanne E., Aimee L. Webb, Irene N. Koulinska, Said Aboud, Wafaie W. Fawzi, and Eduardo Villamor. 2010. “Association Between Breast Milk Erythropoietin and Reduced Risk of Mother‐to‐Child Transmission of HIV.” J INFECT DIS 202 (3) (August 15): 370–373. doi:10.1086/653706.0022-1899http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27001551We examined the prospective associations between breast milk concentrations of erythropoietin, a factor with trophic effects on infant gut epithelia, and risk of MTCT through breastfeeding in a study of 59 MTCT cases and 116 controls nested within a cohort of antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected Tanzanian women. Controls were matched to cases on the time from birth when the breast milk sample was collected. The risk of MTCT was inversely related to breast milk EPO concentration (adjusted OR for highest vs. lowest EPO tertiles=0.34; 95% CI=0.14, 0.82; P for trend=0.02). These results suggest a protective effect of breast milk EPO against MTCT.en-USErythropoietinmother-to-child transmissionHIVbreast milkJournal Article2016-05-1310.1086/653706