Iyer, Lakshmi2017-08-182010Iyer, Lakshmi. 2010. “Direct Versus Indirect Colonial Rule in India: Long-Term Consequences.” Review of Economics and Statistics 92 (4) (November): 693–713. doi:10.1162/rest_a_00023.0034-6535http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33785664This paper compares economic outcomes across areas in India that were under direct British colonial rule with areas that were under indirect colonial rule. Controlling for selective annexation using a specific policy rule, I find that areas that experienced direct rule have significantly lower levels of access to schools, health centers, and roads in the postcolonial period. I find evidence that the quality of governance in the colonial period has a significant and persistent effect on postcolonial outcomes.en-USJournal Article2017-05-1020102017-08-1810.1162/REST_a_00023