Finkbeiner, DouglasPadmanabhan, NikhilWeiner, Neal2017-12-052008Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Nikhil Padmanabhan, and Neal Weiner. 2008. “CMB and 21-Cm Signals for Dark Matter with a Long-Lived Excited State.” Physical Review D 78 (6) (September 18). doi:10.1103/physrevd.78.063530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.78.063530.1550-7998http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34469822Motivated by the eXciting Dark Matter (XDM) model of Finkbeiner & Weiner, hypothesized to explain the 511 keV signal in the center of the Milky Way, we consider the CMB and 21-cm signatures of models of dark matter with collisional long-lived excited states. We compute the relic excitation fraction from the early universe for a variety of assumptions about the collisional de-excitation cross-section and thermal decoupling. The relic excitation fraction can be as high as 1% for natural regions of parameter space, but could be orders of magnitude smaller. Since the lifetime of the excited state is naturally greater than 10^13s, we discuss the signatures of such relic excitation on cosmic microwave background (CMB) and high-z 21-cm observations. Such models have potentially richer astrophysical signals than the traditional WIMP annihilations and decays, and may have observable consequences for future generations of experiments.en-USJournal Article2017-05-1720082017-12-0510.1103/physrevd.78.063530