Observation of seasonal variation of atmospheric multiple-muon events in the MINOS Near and Far Detectors

Adamson, P.Anghel, I.Aurisano, A.Barr, G.Bishai, M.Blake, A.Bock, G. J.Bogert, D.Cao, S. V.Castromonte, C. M.Childress, S.Coelho, J. A. B.Corwin, L.Cronin-Hennessy, D.de Jong, J. K.Devan, A. V.Devenish, N. E.Diwan, M. V.Escobar, C. O.Evans, J. J.Falk, E.Feldman, GaryFrohne, M. V.Gallagher, H. R.Gomes, R. A.Goodman, M. C.Gouffon, P.Graf, N.Gran, R.Grzelak, K.Habig, A.Hahn, S. R.Hartnell, J.Hatcher, R.Holin, A.Huang, J.Hylen, J.Irwin, G. M.Isvan, Z.James, C.Jensen, D.Kafka, T.Kasahara, S. M. S.Koizumi, G.Kordosky, M.Kreymer, A.Lang, K.Ling, J.Litchfield, P. J.Lucas, P.Mann, W. A.Marshak, MichaelMayer, N.McGivern, C.Medeiros, M. M.Mehdiyev, R.Meier, J. R.Messier, M. D.Miller, W. H.Mishra, S. R.Moed Sher, S.Moore, C. D.Mualem, L.Musser, J.Naples, D.Nelson, J. K.Newman, H. B.Nichol, R. J.Nowak, J. A.O’Connor, J.Orchanian, M.Osprey, S.Pahlka, R. B.Paley, J.Patterson, R. B.Pawloski, G.Perch, A.Phan-Budd, S.Plunkett, R. K.Poonthottathil, N.Qiu, X.Radovic, A.Rebel, B.Rosenfeld, C.Rubin, H. A.Sanchez, M. C.Schneps, J.Schreckenberger, A.Schreiner, P.Sharma, R.Sousa, A.Tagg, N.Talaga, R. L.Thomas, J.Thomson, M. A.Tian, X.Timmons, A.Tognini, S. C.Toner, RuthTorretta, D.Urheim, J.Vahle, P.Viren, B.Weber, A.Webb, R. C.White, C.Whitehead, L.Whitehead, L. H.Wojcicki, S. G.Zwaska, R.2017-03-152015Adamson, P., I. Anghel, A. Aurisano, G. Barr, M. Bishai, A. Blake, G. J. Bock, et al. 2015. “Observation of Seasonal Variation of Atmospheric Multiple-Muon Events in the MINOS Near and Far Detectors.” Phys. Rev. D 91 (11) (June). doi:10.1103/physrevd.91.112006.1550-7998http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:30781087We report the first observation of seasonal modulations in the rates of cosmic ray multiple-muon events at two underground sites, the MINOS Near Detector with an overburden of 225 mwe, and the MINOS Far Detector site at 2100 mwe. At the deeper site, multiple-muon events with muons separated by more than 8 m exhibit a seasonal rate that peaks during the summer, similar to that of single-muon events. In contrast and unexpectedly, the rate of multiple-muon events with muons separated by less than 5–8 m, and the rate of multiple-muon events in the smaller, shallower Near Detector, exhibit a seasonal rate modulation that peaks in the winter.en-USObservation of seasonal variation of atmospheric multiple-muon events in the MINOS Near and Far DetectorsJournal Article2017-03-1510.1103/PhysRevD.91.112006