Park, SangLi, TriciaWu, ShaoweiLi, Wen-QingQureshi, Abrar A.Cho, Eunyoung2016-11-182016Park, Sang Min, Tricia Li, Shaowei Wu, Wen-Qing Li, Abrar A. Qureshi, and Eunyoung Cho. 2016. “Vitamin D Intake and Risk of Skin Cancer in US Women and Men.” PLoS ONE 11 (8): e0160308. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160308.1932-6203http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:29407632Previous studies suggested a protective effect of vitamin D against skin cancer development. However, epidemiologic studies on orally taken vitamin D and risk of skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma [BCC], squamous cell carcinoma [SCC], and melanoma) are few. We prospectively evaluated whether total, dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake were associated with skin cancer risk based on 63,760 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1984–2010) and 41,530 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2010). Dietary information on vitamin D intake was assessed every 2 to 4 years during the follow-up and cumulative averaged intake was used. We used Cox proportional hazard models to compute the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Pooled HR of cohort-specific results were calculated using a random-effects model. During the follow-up, we documented 20,840 BCC, 2,329 SCC and 1,320 melanoma cases. Vitamin D consumption was not associated with the risk of SCC or melanoma but was modestly positively associated with BCC; the pooled HRs of BCC for extreme quintiles of vitamin D intake were 1.10 (95%CI = 1.05–1.15; Ptrend = 0.05) for total vitamin D and 1.13 (95% CI = 1.07 to 1.20; Ptrend <0.01) for dietary vitamin D. Stratified analysis according to sun exposure related factors showed similar results. In conclusion, vitamin D intake was positively associated with risk of BCC, while null associations were found with SCC and melanoma. Our data do not support a beneficial role of orally taken vitamin D on skin cancer carcinogenesis.en-USPhysical sciencesChemistryChemical compoundsOrganic compoundsVitaminsVitamin DOrganic chemistryMedicine and Health SciencesOncologyCancers and NeoplasmsMelanomasCarcinomasBasal Cell CarcinomasCancer Risk FactorsEnvironmental Causes of CancerOverexposure to SunSquamous Cell CarcinomasPhysical SciencesPhysicsElectromagnetic RadiationLightSunlightSolar RadiationHealth CareHealth Care ProvidersNursesPeople and PlacesPopulation GroupingsProfessionsBiology and Life SciencesNutritionDietAlcohol ConsumptionJournal Article2016-11-1810.1371/journal.pone.0160308