Bogoch, Isaac I.Wilson, MichaelChad, David A.Venna, Nagagopal2015-06-022015Bogoch, Isaac I., Michael R. Wilson, David A. Chad, and Nagagopal Venna. 2015. “Acute lower motor neuron syndrome and spinal cord gray matter hyperintensities in HIV infection.” Neurology® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation 2 (4): e113. doi:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000113.2332-7812http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:16120977Objective: To describe a novel manifestation of lower motor neuron disease in patients with well-controlled HIV infection. Methods: A retrospective study was performed to identify HIV-positive individuals with acute, painful lower motor neuron diseases. Results: Six patients were identified with HIV and lower motor neuron disease. Two patients met the inclusion criteria of well-controlled, chronic HIV infection and an acute, painful, unilateral lower motor neuron paralytic syndrome affecting the distal portion of the upper limb. These patients had segmental T2-hyperintense lesions in the central gray matter of the cervical spinal cord on MRI. One patient stabilized and the second patient improved with immunomodulatory therapy. Conclusions: This newly described syndrome expands the clinical spectrum of lower motor neuron diseases in HIV.en-USJournal Article2015-06-0210.1212/NXI.0000000000000113