Leahey, P. AlexanderTahan, Steven R.Kasper, EkkehardAlbrecht, Mary2016-02-012015Leahey, P. Alexander, Steven R. Tahan, Ekkehard M. Kasper, and Mary Albrecht. 2015. “Chronic Q-Fever (Coxiella burnetii) Causing Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Lumbar Osteomyelitis: A Case Report.” Open Forum Infectious Diseases 3 (1): ofv185. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofv185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofv185.2328-8957http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:24983912Coxiella burnetii is a rare cause of chronic infection that most frequently presents as endocarditis. We report a case of C burnetii causing an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm with contiguous lumbar osteomyelitis resulting in spinal cord compromise. The diagnosis was established by serologic studies consistent with chronic Q-fever (ratio of C burnetii immunoglobulin [Ig]G phase II titer to IgG phase I titer <1) and was confirmed by positive C burnetii polymerase chain reaction of vertebral tissue in addition to pathology of vertebral bone showing intracellular Gram-negative coccobacillary bacteria. The patient clinically improved after surgical decompression and prolonged treatment with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine.en-USabdominal aortic aneurysmchronic Q-feverosteomyelitisQ-feverJournal Article2016-02-0110.1093/ofid/ofv185