de Waal, LucLewis, Timothy A.Rees, Matthew G.Tsherniak, AviadWu, XiaoyunChoi, PeterGechijian, LaraHartigan, ChristinaFaloon, Patrick W.Hickey, Mark J.Tolliday, NicolaCarr, Steven A.Clemons, Paul A.Munoz, BenitoWagner, Bridget K.Shamji, AlykhanKoehler, Angela N.Schenone, MonicaBurgin, Alex B.Schreiber, StuartGreulich, HeidiMeyerson, Matthew2016-07-142015de Waal, L., T. A. Lewis, M. G. Rees, A. Tsherniak, X. Wu, P. S. Choi, L. Gechijian, et al. 2015. “Identification of cancer cytotoxic modulators of PDE3A by predictive chemogenomics.” Nature chemical biology 12 (2): 102-108. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.1984.1552-4450http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27662215High cancer death rates indicate the need for new anti-cancer therapeutic agents. Approaches to discover new cancer drugs include target-based drug discovery and phenotypic screening. Here, we identified phosphodiesterase 3A modulators as cell-selective cancer cytotoxic compounds by phenotypic compound library screening and target deconvolution by predictive chemogenomics. We found that sensitivity to 6-(4-(diethylamino)-3-nitrophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one, or DNMDP, across 766 cancer cell lines correlates with expression of the phosphodiesterase 3A gene, PDE3A. Like DNMDP, a subset of known PDE3A inhibitors kill selected cancer cells while others do not. Furthermore, PDE3A depletion leads to DNMDP resistance. We demonstrated that DNMDP binding to PDE3A promotes an interaction between PDE3A and Schlafen 12 (SLFN12), suggesting a neomorphic activity. Co-expression of SLFN12 with PDE3A correlates with DNMDP sensitivity, while depletion of SLFN12 results in decreased DNMDP sensitivity. Our results implicate PDE3A modulators as candidate cancer therapeutic agents and demonstrate the power of predictive chemogenomics in small-molecule discovery.en-USJournal Article2016-07-1410.1038/nchembio.1984