Gauguet, StefanieMadden, KateWu, JenniferDuncan, ChristineLee, Gi SooMiller, TonyaKlingensmith, William C.Burchett, Sandravan der Velden, Meredith2017-01-032016Gauguet, Stefanie, Kate Madden, Jennifer Wu, Christine Duncan, Gi Soo Lee, Tonya Miller, William C. Klingensmith, Sandra K. Burchett, and Meredith van der Velden. 2016. “Case Report of a Child after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation with Acute Aspergillus Tracheobronchitis as a Cause for Respiratory Failure.” Case Reports in Pediatrics 2016 (1): 9676234. doi:10.1155/2016/9676234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9676234.2090-6803http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:29738987Rapid respiratory failure due to invasive mycosis of the airways is an uncommon presentation of Aspergillus infection, even in immunocompromised patients, and very few pediatric cases have been reported. Patients with Aspergillus tracheobronchitis present with nonspecific symptoms, and radiologic studies are often noninformative, leading to a delay in diagnosis. Prompt initiation of adequate antifungal therapies is of utmost importance to improve outcome. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with chronic myelogenous leukemia who developed respiratory distress 41 days after hematopoietic cell transplantation and rapidly deteriorated despite multiple interventions and treatment modalities.en-USJournal Article2017-01-0310.1155/2016/9676234