Machiela, Mitchell J.Zhou, WeiyinKarlins, EricSampson, Joshua N.Freedman, Neal D.Yang, QiHicks, BelyndaDagnall, CaseyHautman, ChristopherJacobs, Kevin B.Abnet, Christian C.Aldrich, Melinda C.Amos, ChristopherAmundadottir, Laufey T.Arslan, Alan A.Beane-Freeman, Laura E.Berndt, Sonja I.Black, AmandaBlot, William J.Bock, Cathryn H.Bracci, Paige M.Brinton, Louise A.Bueno-de-Mesquita, H BasBurdett, LaurieBuring, Julie E.Butler, Mary A.Canzian, FedericoCarreón, TaniaChaffee, Kari G.Chang, I-ShouChatterjee, NilanjanChen, ChuChen, ConstanceChen, KexinChung, Charles C.Cook, Linda S.Crous Bou, MartaCullen, MichaelDavis, Faith G.De Vivo, ImmaculataDing, TiDoherty, JenniferDuell, Eric J.Epstein, Caroline G.Fan, Jin-HuFigueroa, Jonine D.Fraumeni, Joseph F.Friedenreich, Christine M.Fuchs, CharlesGallinger, StevenGao, Yu-TangGapstur, Susan M.Garcia-Closas, MontserratGaudet, Mia M.Gaziano, JohnGiles, Graham G.Gillanders, Elizabeth M.Giovannucci, EdwardGoldin, LynnGoldstein, Alisa M.Haiman, Christopher A.Hallmans, GoranHankinson, SusanHarris, Curtis C.Henriksson, RogerHolly, Elizabeth A.Hong, Yun-ChulHoover, Robert N.Hsiung, Chao A.Hu, NanHu, WeiHunter, DavidHutchinson, AmyJenab, MazdaJohansen, ChristofferKhaw, Kay-TeeKim, Hee NamKim, Yeul HongKim, Young TaeKlein, Alison P.Klein, RobertKoh, Woon-PuayKolonel, Laurence N.Kooperberg, CharlesKraft, PhillipKrogh, VittorioKurtz, Robert C.LaCroix, AndreaLan, QingLandi, Maria TeresaMarchand, Loic LeLi, DonghuiLiang, XiaolinLiao, Linda M.Lin, DongxinLiu, JianjunLissowska, JolantaLu, LingengMagliocco, Anthony M.Malats, NuriaMatsuo, KeitaroMcNeill, Lorna H.McWilliams, Robert R.Melin, Beatrice S.Mirabello, LisaMoore, LeeOlson, Sara H.Orlow, IrenePark, Jae YongPatiño-Garcia, AnaPeplonska, BeataPeters, UlrikePetersen, Gloria M.Pooler, LoreallPrescott, JenniferProkunina-Olsson, LudmilaPurdue, Mark P.Qiao, You-LinRajaraman, PreethaReal, Francisco X.Riboli, ElioRisch, Harvey A.Rodriguez-Santiago, BenjaminRuder, Avima M.Savage, Sharon A.Schumacher, FredrickSchwartz, Ann G.Schwartz, Kendra L.Seow, AdelineWendy Setiawan, VeronicaSeveri, GianlucaShen, HongbingSheng, XinShin, Min-HoShu, Xiao-OuSilverman, Debra T.Spitz, Margaret R.Stevens, Victoria L.Stolzenberg-Solomon, RachaelStram, DanielTang, Ze-ZhongTaylor, Philip R.Teras, Lauren R.Tobias, Geoffrey S.Van Den Berg, DavidVisvanathan, KalaWacholder, SholomWang, Jiu-CunWang, ZhaomingWentzensen, NicolasWheeler, WilliamWhite, EmilyWiencke, John K.Wolpin, Brian M.Wong, Maria PikWu, ChenWu, TangchunWu, XifengWu, Yi-LongWunder, Jay S.Xia, LucyYang, Hannah P.Yang, Pan-ChyrYu, KaiZanetti, Krista A.Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, AnneZheng, WeiZhou, BaosenZiegler, Regina G.Perez-Jurado, Luis A.Caporaso, Neil E.Rothman, NathanielTucker, MargaretDean, Michael C.Yeager, MeredithChanock, Stephen J.2016-07-142016Machiela, M. J., W. Zhou, E. Karlins, J. N. Sampson, N. D. Freedman, Q. Yang, B. Hicks, et al. 2016. “Female chromosome X mosaicism is age-related and preferentially affects the inactivated X chromosome.” Nature Communications 7 (1): 11843. doi:10.1038/ncomms11843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11843.2041-1723http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27662285To investigate large structural clonal mosaicism of chromosome X, we analysed the SNP microarray intensity data of 38,303 women from cancer genome-wide association studies (20,878 cases and 17,425 controls) and detected 124 mosaic X events >2 Mb in 97 (0.25%) women. Here we show rates for X-chromosome mosaicism are four times higher than mean autosomal rates; X mosaic events more often include the entire chromosome and participants with X events more likely harbour autosomal mosaic events. X mosaicism frequency increases with age (0.11% in 50-year olds; 0.45% in 75-year olds), as reported for Y and autosomes. Methylation array analyses of 33 women with X mosaicism indicate events preferentially involve the inactive X chromosome. Our results provide further evidence that the sex chromosomes undergo mosaic events more frequently than autosomes, which could have implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms of mosaic events and their possible contribution to risk for chronic diseases.en-USFemale chromosome X mosaicism is age-related and preferentially affects the inactivated X chromosomeJournal Article2016-07-1410.1038/ncomms11843