McCracken, Michael K.Gromowski, Gregory D.Friberg, Heather L.Lin, XiaoxuAbbink, PeterDe La Barrera, RafaelEckles, Kenneth H.Garver, Lindsey S.Boyd, MichaelJetton, DavidBarouch, DanWise, Matthew C.Lewis, Bridget S.Currier, Jeffrey R.Modjarrad, KayvonMilazzo, MarkLiu, MichelleMullins, Anna B.Putnak, J. RobertMichael, Nelson L.Jarman, Richard G.Thomas, Stephen J.2017-11-212017McCracken, M. K., G. D. Gromowski, H. L. Friberg, X. Lin, P. Abbink, R. De La Barrera, K. H. Eckles, et al. 2017. “Impact of prior flavivirus immunity on Zika virus infection in rhesus macaques.” PLoS Pathogens 13 (8): e1006487. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006487.http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34375060Studies have demonstrated cross-reactivity of anti-dengue virus (DENV) antibodies in human sera against Zika virus (ZIKV), promoting increased ZIKV infection in vitro. However, the correlation between in vitro and in vivo findings is not well characterized. Thus, we evaluated the impact of heterotypic flavivirus immunity on ZIKV titers in biofluids of rhesus macaques. Animals previously infected (≥420 days) with DENV2, DENV4, or yellow fever virus were compared to flavivirus-naïve animals following infection with a Brazilian ZIKV strain. Sera from DENV-immune macaques demonstrated cross-reactivity with ZIKV by antibody-binding and neutralization assays prior to ZIKV infection, and promoted increased ZIKV infection in cell culture assays. Despite these findings, no significant differences between flavivirus-naïve and immune animals were observed in viral titers, neutralizing antibody levels, or immune cell kinetics following ZIKV infection. These results indicate that prior infection with heterologous flaviviruses neither conferred protection nor increased observed ZIKV titers in this non-human primate ZIKV infection model.en-USBiology and life sciencesOrganismsVirusesRNA virusesFlavivirusesZika VirusBiology and Life SciencesMicrobiologyMedical MicrobiologyMicrobial PathogensViral PathogensMedicine and Health SciencesPathology and Laboratory MedicinePathogensPhysiologyImmune PhysiologyAntibodiesImmunologyImmune System ProteinsBiochemistryProteinsImmunologic TechniquesImmunoassaysEnzyme-Linked ImmunoassaysAnimalsVertebratesAmniotesMammalsPrimatesMonkeysOld World monkeysMacaqueMolecular BiologyMolecular Biology TechniquesCloningAnatomyBody FluidsBloodExperimental Organism SystemsAnimal ModelsRhesus MonkeysInfectious DiseasesViral DiseasesViremiaJournal Article2017-11-2110.1371/journal.ppat.1006487