Kehayias, P.Jarmola, A.Mosavian, N.Fescenko, I.Benito, F. M.Laraoui, A.Smits, J.Bougas, L.Budker, D.Neumann, A.Brueck, S. R. J.Acosta, V. M.2017-11-212017Kehayias, P., A. Jarmola, N. Mosavian, I. Fescenko, F. M. Benito, A. Laraoui, J. Smits, et al. 2017. “Solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy on a nanostructured diamond chip.” Nature Communications 8 (1): 188. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00266-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00266-4.http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34375347Sensors using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond are a promising tool for small-volume nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, but the limited sensitivity remains a challenge. Here we show nearly two orders of magnitude improvement in concentration sensitivity over previous nitrogen-vacancy and picoliter NMR studies. We demonstrate NMR spectroscopy of picoliter-volume solutions using a nanostructured diamond chip with dense, high-aspect-ratio nanogratings, enhancing the surface area by 15 times. The nanograting sidewalls are doped with nitrogen-vacancies located a few nanometers from the diamond surface to detect the NMR spectrum of roughly 1 pl of fluid lying within adjacent nanograting grooves. We perform 1H and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at room temperature in magnetic fields below 50 mT. Using a solution of CsF in glycerol, we determine that 4 ± 2 × 1012 19F spins in a 1 pl volume can be detected with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 in 1 s of integration.en-USJournal Article2017-11-2110.1038/s41467-017-00266-4