Beltran, BradySalas, RenzoQuiñones, PilarMorales, DomingoHurtado, FernandoCotrina, EstherRiva, LuisCastillo, Jorge2021-09-032009-07-06Beltran, Brady, Renzo Salas, Pilar Quiñones, Domingo Morales, Fernando Hurtado, Esther Cotrina, Luis Riva et al. "EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Carrier." Infectious Agents and Cancer 4, no. 1 (2009): 10. DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-4-101750-9378https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37369291The development of B-cell lymphomas has been seldom described in HTLV-1 carriers. We present the case of an elderly Peruvian HTLV-1 carrier who was diagnosed with EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Despite an initial good response to therapy, patient died during treatment due to fatal Pneumocystis jirovecci pneumonia. EBV infection is characterized by B-cell lymphotropism and selective immunodeficiency. HTLV-1, on the other hand, induces T-cell dysfunction and B-cell proliferation. Finally, immunosenescence is characterized by T-cell dysregulation, decreased apoptosis and cytokine upregulation. In this elderly patient, the combination of EBV and HTLV-1 coinfection and immunosenescence may have played a role in the development of this aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Furthermore, the immunodeficiency caused by the viral infections and chemotherapy may have played a role in developing life-threatening infectious complications.en-USResearch Subject Categories::MEDICINE::Surgery::OncologyJournal Article2017-08-1520092021-09-0310.1186/1750-9378-4-10