Chae, HZRobison, KPoole, LBChurch, GeorgeStorz, GRhee, SG2022-06-291994-07-19Chae HZ, Robison K, Poole LB, Church G, Storz G, Rhee SG.. Cloning and sequencing of thiol-specific antioxidant from mammalian brain: alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and thiol-specific antioxidant define a large family of antioxidant enzymes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1994. (IN CV scrape )0027-84241091-6490https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37372429A cDNA corresponding to a thiol-specific antioxidant enzyme (TSA) was isolated from a rat brain cDNA library with the use of antibodies to bovine TSA. The cDNA clone encoded an open reading frame capable of encoding a 198-residue polypeptide. The rat and yeast TSA proteins show significant sequence homology to the 21-kDa component (AhpC) of Salmonella typhimurium alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, and we have found that AhpC exhibits TSA activity. AhpC and TSA define a family of > 25 different proteins present in organisms from all kingdoms. The similarity among the family members extends over the entire sequence and ranges between 23% and 98% identity. A majority of the members of the AhpC/TSA family contain two conserved cysteines. At least eight of the genes encoding AhpC/TSA-like polypeptides are found in proximity to genes encoding other oxidoreductase activities, and the expression of several of the homologs has been correlated with pathogenicity. We suggest that the AhpC/TSA family represents a widely distributed class of antioxidant enzymes. We also report that a second family of proteins, defined by the 57-kDa component (AhpF) of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and by thioredoxin reductase, has expanded to include six additional members.en-USMultidisciplinaryJournal Article2017-08-1819942022-06-2910.1073/pnas.91.15.7017