Moody, DavidSuliman, Sara2017-12-062017Moody, D. Branch, and Sara Suliman. 2017. “CD1: From Molecules to Diseases.” F1000Research 6 (1): 1909. doi:10.12688/f1000research.12178.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12178.1.http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34493100The human cluster of differentiation (CD)1 system for antigen display is comprised of four types of antigen-presenting molecules, each with a distinct functional niche: CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, and CD1d. Whereas CD1 proteins were thought solely to influence T-cell responses through display of amphipathic lipids, recent studies emphasize the role of direct contacts between the T-cell receptor and CD1 itself. Moving from molecules to diseases, new research approaches emphasize human CD1-transgenic mouse models and the study of human polyclonal T cells in vivo or ex vivo in disease states. Whereas the high genetic diversity of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-encoded antigen-presenting molecules provides a major hurdle for designing antigens that activate T cells in all humans, the simple population genetics of the CD1 system offers the prospect of discovering or designing broadly acting immunomodulatory agents.en-USArticlesAntigen Processing & RecognitionImmunity to InfectionsImmunomodulationInnate ImmunityLeukocyte Signaling & Gene ExpressionMedical MicrobiologyCD1antigen displayTCRT cell receptorJournal Article2017-12-0610.12688/f1000research.12178.1