Saka, Sinem K.Wang, YuKishi, JocelynZhu, AllenZeng, YitianXie, WenxinKirli, KorayYapp, ClarenceCicconet, MarceloBeliveau, Brian J.Lapan, Sylvain W.Yin, SiyuanLin, MillicentBoyden, Edward S.Kaeser, PascalPihan, GermanChurch, GeorgeYin, Peng2022-07-262019-09Saka, Sinem K., Yu Wang, Jocelyn Kishi, Allen Zhu, Yitian Zeng, Wenxin Xie, Koray Kirli et al. "Immuno-SABER Enables Highly Multiplexed and Amplified Protein Imaging in Tissues." Nature Biotechnology 37, no. 9 (2019): 1080-1090. DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0207-y1087-01561546-1696https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37372873Spatial mapping of proteins in tissues is hindered by limitations in multiplexing, sensitivity and throughput. Here we report immunostaining with signal amplification by exchange reaction (Immuno-SABER), which achieves highly multiplexed signal amplification via DNA-barcoded antibodies and orthogonal DNA concatemers generated by primer exchange reaction (PER). SABER offers independently programmable signal amplification without in situ enzymatic reactions, and intrinsic scalability to rapidly amplify and visualize a large number of targets when combined with fast exchange cycles of fluorescent imager strands. We demonstrate 5- to 180-fold signal amplification in diverse samples (cultured cells, cryosections, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections and whole-mount tissues), as well as simultaneous signal amplification for ten different proteins using standard equipment and workflows. We also combined SABER with expansion microscopy to enable rapid, multiplexed super-resolution tissue imaging. Immuno-SABER presents an effective and accessible platform for multiplexed and amplified imaging of proteins with high sensitivity and throughput.en-USResearch Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::BioengineeringResearch Subject Categories::MEDICINE::Dermatology and venerology,clinical genetics, internal medicine::Internal medicine::Molecular medicine (genetics and pathology)Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Other technology::Medical engineeringJournal Article2022-07-2610.1038/s41587-019-0207-y