Dziejman, MichelleSerruto, DavideTam, Vincent C.Sturtevant, DerekDiraphat, PornphanFaruque, Shah M.Rahman, M. HasiburHeidelberg, John F.Decker, JeremyLi, LiMontgomery, Kate T.Grills, GeorgeKucherlapati, RajuMekalanos, John J.2019-10-142005Dziejman, M., D. Serruto, V. C. Tam, D. Sturtevant, P. Diraphat, S. M. Faruque, M. H. Rahman, et al. 2005. “Genomic Characterization of Non-O1, Non-O139 Vibrio Cholerae Reveals Genes for a Type III Secretion System.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102 (9): 3465–70. doi:10.1073/pnas.0409918102.0027-84240744-28311091-6490http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41543041Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae can cause gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections, but, unlike O1 and O139 strains of V. cholerae, little is known about the virulence gene content of non-O1, non-O139 strains and their phylogenetic relationship to other pathogenic V. cholerae. Comparative genomic microarray analysis of four pathogenic non-O1, non-O139 strains indicates that these strains are quite divergent from O1 and O139 strains. Genomic sequence analysis of a non-O1, non-O139 strain (AM-19226) that appeared particularly pathogenic in experimental animals suggests that this strain carries a type III secretion system (TTSS) that is related to the TTSS2 gene cluster found in a pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The genes for this V. cholerae TTSS system appear to be present in many clinical and environmental non-O1, non-O139 strains, including at least one clone that is globally distributed. We hypothesize that the TTSS present in some pathogenic strains of non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae may be involved in the virulence and environmental fitness of these strains.en-USJournal Article2019-10-1410.1073/pnas.0409918102