Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title
Now showing items 8919-8938 of 24546
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Generics and the Ways of Normality
(Springer Verlag, 2008)I contrast two approaches to the interpretation of generics such as ‘ravens are black:’ majority-based views, on which they are about what is the case most of the time, and inquiry-based views, on which they are about a ... -
Generosity: A Winner's Advice
(Nature Publishing Group, 2008)Mathematical models can reveal how prosocial human behaviour — and even social intelligence and language — have evolved, argues Martin A. Nowak. -
Genes Contributing to Staphylococcus aureus Fitness in Abscess- and Infection-Related Ecologies
(American Society of Microbiology, 2014)ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of both community- and hospital-acquired infections that are increasingly antibiotic resistant. The emergence of S. aureus resistance to even last-line antibiotics heightens ... -
Genes Involved in the Evolution of Herbivory by a Leaf-Mining, Drosophilid Fly
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2012)Herbivorous insects are among the most successful radiations of life. However, we know little about the processes underpinning the evolution of herbivory. We examined the evolution of herbivory in the fly, Scaptomyza flava, ... -
Genes with monoallelic expression contribute disproportionately to genetic diversity in humans
(2016)An unexpectedly large number of human autosomal genes are subject to monoallelic expression (MAE). Our analysis of 4,227 such genes reveals surprisingly high genetic variation across human populations. This increased ... -
The Genesis and Time Distribution of Two Distinctive Proterozoic Stromatolite Microstructures
(Society for Sedimentary Geology, 1998)Stromatolites are commonly viewed as sedimentary proxies for microbial communities. In consequence, secular variation in stromatolite form has been attributed to evolutionary change in mat organisms and/or their interactions ... -
Genetic Adaptation Associated with Genome-Doubling in Autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Genome duplication, which results in polyploidy, is disruptive to fundamental biological processes. Genome duplications occur spontaneously in a range of taxa and problems such as sterility, aneuploidy, and gene expression ... -
Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Dynamic Support Vector Regression
(2009)We show that genetic algorithms (GA) find optimized dynamic support vector machines (DSVMs) more efficiently than the grid search (GS) optimization approach. In addition, we show that GA-DSVMs find extremely low-error ... -
Genetic analysis of cell envelope assembly and polar growth in Corynebacterium glutamicum
(2021-07-12)Increasing our understanding of the mechanisms of bacterial cell envelope biogenesis will help identify novel enzymes for future antibiotic targets. While most current research efforts focus on understanding the mechanisms ... -
Genetic Analysis of Human Traits In Vitro: Drug Response and Gene Expression in Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), originally collected as renewable sources of DNA, are now being used as a model system to study genotype–phenotype relationships in human cells, including searches for QTLs influencing ... -
Genetic and 'cultural' similarity in wild chimpanzees
(The Royal Society, 2010)The question of whether animals possess ‘cultures’ or ‘traditions’ continues to generate widespread theoretical and empirical interest. Studies of wild chimpanzees have featured prominently in this discussion, as the ... -
Genetic and behavioral state influences on the hippocampal spatial code
(2022-06-06)The hippocampus encodes and recalls contextual memories using engrams and forms spatial memories using place cells. Engrams are typically identified by the expression of the immediate early gene Fos, while place cells are ... -
Genetic and Chemical Modifiers of EGFR Dependence in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
(2014-02-25)The term `oncogene addiction' has been used to describe the phenomenon whereby tumor cells exhibit singular reliance on an oncogene or oncogenic pathway for their survival, despite the accumulation of multiple genetic ... -
A genetic and computational approach to structurally classify neuronal types
(2014)The importance of cell types in understanding brain function is widely appreciated but only a tiny fraction of neuronal diversity has been catalogued. Here, we exploit recent progress in genetic definition of cell types ... -
Genetic and Functional Studies of Non-Coding Variants in Human Disease
(2013-03-08)Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of common diseases have identified hundreds of genomic regions harboring disease-associated variants. Translating these findings into an improved understanding of human disease requires ... -
Genetic and genomic analysis of small RNA pathways in nematodes
(2013-10-15)Small noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and endogenous small-interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs), regulate developmental and defense pathways in animals. While many small RNA silencing ... -
Genetic and genomic approaches to understand size and proportion
(2017-01-10)The establishment of proper proportions during development is essential for the final form and function of an organism. While much is known concerning the regulation of proliferation and differentiation, how the relative ... -
The Genetic and Molecular Basis for Sunscreen Biosynthesis in Cyanobacteria
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2010)Ultraviolet UV-A and UV-B radiation is harmful to living systems, causing damage to biological macromolecules. An important strategy for dealing with UV exposure is the biosynthesis of small-molecule sunscreens. Among such ... -
Genetic and Molecular Dissection of the Integration of Galactose and Glucose Signaling in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Strains
(2015-05-21)Cells need to sense the environment in order to survive, in particular they need to detect nutrients which will provide different building blocks and energy for the cell. This task is complicated by the fact that there can ... -
Genetic and Phenotypic Comparison of Facultative Methylotrophy between Methylobacterium extorquens Strains PA1 and AM1
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Methylobacterium extorquens AM1, a strain serendipitously isolated half a century ago, has become the best-characterized model system for the study of aerobic methylotrophy (the ability to grow on reduced single-carbon ...