Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 2196-2215 of 18295

    • Climate change: Insurance for a warming planet 

      Weitzman, Martin L. (Springer Nature, 2010)

    • Climate forcings in Goddard Institute for Space Studies SI2000 simulations 

      Hansen, J.; Sato, M; Nazarenko, L; Ruedy, R; Lacis, A; Koch, D; Tegen, I; Hall, T; Shindell, D; Santer, B; Stone, P; Novakov, T; Thomason, L; Wang, R; Wang, Y; Jacob, Daniel James; Hollandsworth, S; Bishop, L; Logan, Jennifer A.; Thompson, A; Stolarski, R; Lean, J; Willson, R; Levitus, S; Antonov, J; Rayner, N; Parkerm, D; Christy, J (Wiley-Blackwell, 2002)
      We define the radiative forcings used in climate simulations with the SI2000 version of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) global climate model. These include temporal variations of well-mixed greenhouse gases, ...

    • Climate impacts and adaptation in US dairy systems 1981–2018 

      Gisbert-Queral, Maria; Henningsen, Arne; Markussen, Bo; Niles, Meredith; Kebreab, Ermias; Rigden, Angela; Mueller, Nathaniel (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-10-21)
      Temperature and humidity directly influence milk yields, suggesting that climate change may pose a fundamental challenge to maintaining the high productivity of US dairy systems. However, the sensitivity of the dairy sector ...

    • The Climate of Early Mars 

      Wordsworth, Robin (Annual Reviews, 2016)
      The nature of the early martian climate is one of the major unanswered questions of planetary science. Key challenges remain, but a new wave of orbital and in situ observations and improvements in climate modeling have led ...

    • Climate policy under uncertainty: a case for solar geoengineering 

      Moreno-Cruz, Juan B.; Keith, David (Springer Nature, 2012)
      Solar Radiation Management (SRM) has two characteristics that make it useful for managing climate risk: it is quick and it is cheap. SRM cannot, however, perfectly offset CO2-driven climate change, and its use introduces ...

    • Climate response to the increase in tropospheric ozone since preindustrial times: A comparison between ozone and equivalent CO 2 forcings 

      Mickley, Loretta J.; Jacob, Daniel James; Field, D; Rind, D (Wiley-Blackwell, 2004)
      We examine the characteristics of the climate response to anthropogenic changes in tropospheric ozone. Using a general circulation model, we have carried out a pair of equilibrium climate simulations with realistic present-day ...

    • Climates of History, Histories of Climate: From History to Archaeoscience 

      McCormick, Michael (MIT Press - Journals, 2019-05)
      The new scientific climate history is about more than just the history of climate. It is developing in a new climate of history; it forms one of several leading edges in archaeoscience, the broader transdisciplinary ...

    • A Climatic Driver for Abrupt Mid-Holocene Vegetation Dynamics and the Hemlock Decline in New England 

      Foster, David Russell; Oswald, William Wyatt; Faison, Edward Kerr; Doughty, Elaine D.; Hansen, Barbara (Ecological Society of America, 2006)
      The mid-Holocene decline of eastern hemlock is widely viewed as the sole prehistorical example of an insect- or pathogen-mediated collapse of a North American tree species and has been extensively studied for insights into ...

    • Climatic Drivers of Hemispheric Asymmetry in Global Patterns of Ant Species Richness 

      Arnan, Xavier; McGlynn, Terrence P.; Bruhl, Carsten A.; Agosti, Donat; Lessard, Jean-Philippe; Anderson, Alan N.; Vascibcekis, Heraldo L.; Laurent, Edward J.; Kaspari, Michael E.; Guenard, Benoit; Janda, Milan; Fitzpatrick, Matthew; Pfeiffer, Martin; Weiser, Michael D.; Philpott, Stacy M.; Gove, Aaron D.; Retana, Javier; Suarez, Andrew V.; Dunn, Robert R.; Ellison, Aaron; Cerda, Xim; Parr, Catherine L.; Longino, John T.; Majer, Jonathan D.; Fisher, Brian L.; Manke, Sean B.; Sanders, Nathan J.; Gotelli, Nicholas J.; Gib, Heloise (Blackwell Science, 2009)
      Although many taxa show a latitudinal gradient in richness, the relationship between latitude and species richness is often asymmetrical between the northern and southern hemispheres. Here we examine the latitudinal pattern ...

    • Climatic Effects of 1950-2050 Changes in US Anthropogenic Aerosols - Part 1: Aerosol Trends and Radiative Forcing 

      Leibensperger, E; Mickley, Loretta J.; Jacob, Daniel J.; Chen, W.-T.; Seinfeld, J. H.; Nenes, A.; Adams, P. J.; Streets, D. G.; Kumar, N.; Rind, D. (European Geosciences Union, 2012)
      We calculate decadal aerosol direct and indirect (warm cloud) radiative forcings from US anthropogenic sources over the 1950–2050 period. Past and future aerosol distributions are constructed using GEOS-Chem and historical ...

    • Climatic Effects of 1950-2050 Changes in US Anthropogenic Aerosols - Part 2: Climate Response 

      Leibensperger, E; Mickley, Loretta J.; Jacob, Daniel J.; Chen, W.-T.; Seinfeld, J. H.; Nenes, A.; Adams, P. J.; Streets, D. G.; Kumar, N.; Rind, D. (European Geosciences Union, 2012)
      We investigate the climate response to changing US anthropogenic aerosol sources over the 1950–2050 period by using the NASA GISS general circulation model (GCM) and comparing to observed US temperature trends. Time-dependent ...

    • Climatic Impacts of Wind Power 

      Miller, Lee; Keith, David (Elsevier BV, 2018-12)
      Wind power can impact the climate by altering the atmospheric boundary layer, with at least 40 papers and 10 observational studies now linking wind power to climatic impacts. We make the first comparison between the climatic ...

    • Climatic niche shift predicts thermal trait response in one but not both introductions of the Puerto Rican lizard Anolis cristatellus to Miami, Florida, USA 

      Kolbe, Jason J; Vanmiddlesworth, Paul Stanley; Losin, Neil; Dappen, Nathan; Losos, Jonathan (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2012)
      Global change is predicted to alter environmental conditions for populations in numerous ways; for example, invasive species often experience substantial shifts in climatic conditions during introduction from their native ...

    • Climatic warming destabilizes forest ant communities 

      Diamond, S. E.; Nichols, L. M.; Pelini, S. L.; Penick, C. A.; Barber, G. W.; Cahan, S. H.; Dunn, R. R.; Ellison, Aaron M.; Sanders, N. J.; Gotelli, N. J. (American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2016)
      How will ecological communities change in response to climate warming? Direct effects of temperature and indirect cascading effects of species interactions are already altering the structure of local communities, but the ...

    • The Climatological Seasonal Circulation of the Mediterranean Sea 

      Tziperman, Eli; Malanotte-Rizzoli, Paola (Sears Foundation for Marine Research, 1991)
      The horizontal circulation of the upper 800 m of the Mediterranean Sea is calculated from a seasonal climatological hydrographic data set using a simple inverse model. The results show a fairly steady surface circulation ...

    • Clinical and laboratory predictors of Lassa fever outcome in a dedicated treatment facility in Nigeria: a retrospective, observational cohort study 

      Okokhere, Peter; Colubri, Andres; Azubike, Chukwuemeka; Iruolagbe, Christopher; Osazuwa, Omoregie; Tabrizi, Shervin; Chin, Elizabeth; Asad, Sara; Ediale, Ehi; u, Mojeed; Adomeh, Donatus; Odia, Ikponmwosa; Atafo, Rebecca; Aire, Chris; Okogbenin, Sylvanus; Pahlman, Meike; Becker-Ziaja, Beate; Asogun, Danny; Fradet, Terrence; Fry, Ben; ner, Stephen; Happi, Christian; Akpede, George; Günther, Stephan; Sabeti, Pardis (Elsevier BV, 2018-06)
      Background: Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic disease endemic to west Africa. No large-scale studies exist from Nigeria, where the Lassa virus (LASV) is most diverse. LASV diversity, coupled with host genetic and ...

    • Clinical Illness and Outcomes in Patients with Ebola in Sierra Leone 

      Schieffelin, John S.; Shaffer, Jeffrey G.; Goba, Augustine; Gbakie, Michael; Gire, Stephen; Colubri, Andres; SEALFON, RACHEL; Kanneh, Lansana; Moigboi, Alex; Momoh, Mambu; Fullah, Mohammed; Moses, Lina M.; Brown, Bethany L.; Andersen, Kristian G; Winnicki, Sarah M.; Schaffner, Stephen; Park, Daniel John; Yozwiak, Nathan; Jiang, Pan-Pan Xueke; Kargbo, David; Jalloh, Simbirie; Fonnie, Mbalu; Sinnah, Vandi; French, Issa; Kovoma, Alice; Kamara, Fatima K.; Tucker, Veronica; Konuwa, Edwin; Sellu, Josephine; Mustapha, Ibrahim; Foday, Momoh; Yillah, Mohamed; Kanneh, Franklyn; Saffa, Sidiki; Massally, James L.B.; Boisen, Matt L.; Branco, Luis M.; Vandi, Mohamed A.; Grant, Donald S.; Happi, Christian Tientcha; Gevao, Sahr M.; Fletcher, Thomas E.; Fowler, Robert A.; Bausch, Daniel G.; Sabeti, Pardis Christine; Khan, S. Humarr; Garry, Robert F. (New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM/MMS), 2014)
      Background;Limited clinical and laboratory data are available on patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD). The Kenema Government Hospital in Sierra Leone, which had an existing infrastructure for research regarding viral ...

    • Clinical Profiling of BCL-2 Family Members in the Setting of BRAF Inhibition Offers a Rationale for Targeting De Novo Resistance Using BH3 Mimetics 

      Frederick, Dennie T.; Salas Fragomeni, Roberto A.; Schalck, Aislyn; Ferreiro-Neira, Isabel; Hoff, Taylor; Cooper, Zachary A.; Haq, Rizwan; Panka, David J.; Kwong, Lawrence N.; Davies, Michael A.; Cusack, James C.; Flaherty, Keith T.; Fisher, David E.; Mier, James W.; Wargo, Jennifer A.; Sullivan, Ryan J. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      While response rates to BRAF inhibitiors (BRAFi) are high, disease progression emerges quickly. One strategy to delay the onset of resistance is to target anti-apoptotic proteins such as BCL-2, known to be associated with ...

    • Clinical reappraisal of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Screening Scales (CIDI-SC) in the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) 

      Kessler, Ronald; Santiago, Patcho N.; Colpe, Lisa J.; Dempsey, Catherine L.; First, Michael B.; Heeringa, Steven G.; Stein, Murray B.; Fullerton, Carol S.; Gruber, Michael; Naifeh, James A.; Nock, Matthew K.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Schoenbaum, Michael; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Ursano, Robert J. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2013)
      A clinical reappraisal study was carried out in conjunction with the Army STARRS All-Army Study (AAS) to evaluate concordance of DSM-IV diagnoses based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales ...

    • Clinical Research Quo Vadis? Trends in Reporting of Clinical Trials and Observational Study Designs Over Two Decades 

      Wyler von Ballmoos, Moritz C.; Ware, James H.; Haring, Bernhard (Elmer Press, 2015)
      Background: Multiple classifications have been developed that classify the medical literature into different levels of evidence to facilitate the evaluation of study results and practice of evidence-based medicine. The ...