Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Keyword "Epidemiology"

Now showing items 1-20 of 308

    • Accumulation of Metabolic Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Black and White Young Adults Over 20 Years 

      Paynter, Nina P.; Kiefe, Catarina I.; Lewis, Cora E.; Loria, Catherine M.; Goff, David C.; Lloyd‐Jones, Donald M. (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2015)
      Background: Cross‐sectional clustering of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease in middle‐aged adults is well described, but less is known regarding the order in which risk factors develop through young adulthood ...

    • Active or Passive Exposure to Tobacco Smoking and Allergic Rhinitis, Allergic Dermatitis, and Food Allergy in Adults and Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 

      Saulyte, Jurgita; Regueira, Carlos; Montes-Martínez, Agustín; Khudyakov, Polyna; Takkouche, Bahi (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: Allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, and food allergy are extremely common diseases, especially among children, and are frequently associated to each other and to asthma. Smoking is a potential risk factor ...

    • Addictive Internet Use among Korean Adolescents: A National Survey 

      Heo, Jongho; Oh, Juhwan; Subramanian, S. V.; Kim, Yoon; Kawachi, Ichiro (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: A psychological disorder called ‘Internet addiction’ has newly emerged along with a dramatic increase of worldwide Internet use. However, few studies have used population-level samples nor taken into account ...

    • Additive influence of genetic predisposition and conventional risk factors in the incidence of coronary heart disease: a population-based study in Greece 

      Yiannakouris, Nikos; Katsoulis, Michail; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Ordovas, Jose M; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios (BMJ Publishing Group, 2014)
      Objectives: An additive genetic risk score (GRS) for coronary heart disease (CHD) has previously been associated with incident CHD in the population-based Greek European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition ...

    • Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Susceptibility and Mortality 

      Ahasic, Amy M.; Zhao, Yang; Su, Li; Sheu, Chau-Chyun; Thompson, B. Taylor; Christiani, David C. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Rationale: Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory adipokine that is the most abundant gene product of adipose tissue. Lower levels have been observed in obesity, insulin resistance, and in critical illness. However, elevated ...

    • Adolescent Diet Quality and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Middle‐Aged Women 

      Dahm, Christina C.; Chomistek, Andrea K.; Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre; Mukamal, Kenneth J.; Eliassen, A. Heather; Sesso, Howard D.; Overvad, Kim; Willett, Walter C.; Rimm, Eric B.; Chiuve, Stephanie E. (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)
      Background: Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) focuses on treatment of risk factors, including hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We investigated whether a healthy diet in ...

    • Age-Related Macular Degeneration and the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 

      Wu, Juan; Uchino, Miki; Sastry, Srinivas M.; Schaumberg, Debra A. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Importance Research has indicated some shared pathogenic mechanisms between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, results from prior epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent ...

    • The Age-Specific Quantitative Effects of Metabolic Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis 

      Singh, Gitanjali M.; Danaei, Goodarz; Farzadfar, Farshad; Stevens, Gretchen A.; Woodward, Mark; Wormser, David; Kaptoge, Stephen; Whitlock, Gary; Qiao, Qing; Lewington, Sarah; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele; vander Hoorn, Stephen; Lawes, Carlene M. M.; Ali, Mohammed K.; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Ezzati, Majid (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Background: The effects of systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been established in ...

    • Alu and LINE-1 methylation and lung function in the normative ageing study 

      Lange, Nancy E; Sordillo, Joanne; Tarantini, Letizia; Bollati, Valentina; Sparrow, David; Vokonas, Pantel; Zanobetti, Antonella; Schwartz, Joel David; Baccarelli, Andrea; Litonjua, Augusto Ampil; Demeo, Dawn Lisa (BMJ Publishing Group, 2012)
      Objectives: To investigate the association between methylation of transposable elements Alu and long-interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) and lung function. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Outpatient Veterans Administration ...

    • Analysis of Viral Diversity in Relation to the Recency of HIV-1C Infection in Botswana 

      Moyo, Sikhulile; Vandormael, Alain; Wilkinson, Eduan; Engelbrecht, Susan; Gaseitsiwe, Simani; Kotokwe, Kenanao P.; Musonda, Rosemary; Tanser, Frank; Essex, Max; Novitsky, Vladimir; de Oliveira, Tulio (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Cross-sectional, biomarker methods to determine HIV infection recency present a promising and cost-effective alternative to the repeated testing of uninfected individuals. We evaluate a viral-based assay that ...

    • Anemia at the Initiation of Tuberculosis Therapy Is Associated with Delayed Sputum Conversion among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania 

      Nagu, Tumaini J.; Spiegelman, Donna; Hertzmark, Ellen; Aboud, Said; Makani, Julie; Matee, Mecky I.; Fawzi, Wafaie; Mugusi, Ferdinand (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis and anemia are both prevalent in Tanzania. There is limited and inconsistent literature on the association between anemia and sputum conversion following tuberculosis treatment. Methods: ...

    • Anti-Hypertensive Medications and Cardiovascular Events in Older Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions 

      Tinetti, Mary E.; Han, Ling; McAvay, Gail J.; Lee, David S. H.; Peduzzi, Peter; Dodson, John A.; Gross, Cary P.; Zhou, Bingqing; Lin, Haiqun (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Importance Randomized trials of anti-hypertensive treatment demonstrating reduced risk of cardiovascular events in older adults included participants with less comorbidity than clinical populations. Whether these results ...

    • Are Maternal Social Networks and Perceptions of Trust Associated with Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder in Offspring? A Population-Based Study in Japan 

      Fujiwara, Takeo; Kawachi, Ichiro (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Objective: To investigate the associations of maternal social networks and perceptions of trust with the prevalence of suspected autism spectrum disorders in 18-month-old offspring in Japan. Methods: Questionnaires included ...

    • The Aromatase Gene (CYP19A1) Variants and Circulating Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Postmenopausal Women 

      Lin, Jennifer H.; Gunter, Marc J.; Manson, JoAnn Elisabeth; Rexrode, Kathryn Marian; Cook, Nancy Romanowicz; Kraft, Peter; Cochrane, Barbara B.; Chlebowski, Rowan T.; Ho, Gloria Y. F.; Zhang, Shumin (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: Estrogen and androgen have been linked to the regulation of circulating hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), an adipose tissue-derived cytokine. It is possible that the CYP19A1 gene which alters sex hormones production ...

    • Assessing the Online Social Environment for Surveillance of Obesity Prevalence 

      Chunara, Rumi; Bouton, Lindsay Legault; Ayers, John W.; Brownstein, John Samuel (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Background: Understanding the social environmental around obesity has been limited by available data. One promising approach used to bridge similar gaps elsewhere is to use passively generated digital data. Purpose This ...

    • Assessment of Response to Lithium Maintenance Treatment in Bipolar Disorder: A Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen) Report 

      Manchia, Mirko; Adli, Mazda; Akula, Nirmala; Ardau, Raffaella; Aubry, Jean-Michel; Backlund, Lena; Banzato, Claudio EM.; Baune, Bernhard T.; Bellivier, Frank; Bengesser, Susanne; Biernacka, Joanna M.; Brichant-Petitjean, Clara; Bui, Elise; Calkin, Cynthia V.; Cheng, Andrew Tai Ann; Chillotti, Caterina; Cichon, Sven; Clark, Scott; Czerski, Piotr M.; Dantas, Clarissa; Zompo, Maria Del; DePaulo, J. Raymond; Detera-Wadleigh, Sevilla D.; Etain, Bruno; Falkai, Peter; Frisén, Louise; Frye, Mark A.; Fullerton, Jan; Gard, Sébastien; Garnham, Julie; Goes, Fernando S.; Grof, Paul; Gruber, Oliver; Hashimoto, Ryota; Hauser, Joanna; Heilbronner, Urs; Hoban, Rebecca; Hou, Liping; Jamain, Stéphane; Kahn, Jean-Pierre; Kassem, Layla; Kato, Tadafumi; Kelsoe, John R.; Kittel-Schneider, Sarah; Kliwicki, Sebastian; Kuo, Po-Hsiu; Kusumi, Ichiro; Laje, Gonzalo; Lavebratt, Catharina; Leboyer, Marion; Leckband, Susan G.; López Jaramillo, Carlos A.; Maj, Mario; Malafosse, Alain; Martinsson, Lina; Masui, Takuya; Mitchell, Philip B.; Mondimore, Frank; Monteleone, Palmiero; Nallet, Audrey; Neuner, Maria; Novák, Tomás; O’Donovan, Claire; Ösby, Urban; Ozaki, Norio; Perlis, Roy H.; Pfennig, Andrea; Potash, James B.; Reich-Erkelenz, Daniela; Reif, Andreas; Reininghaus, Eva; Richardson, Sara; Rouleau, Guy A.; Rybakowski, Janusz K.; Schalling, Martin; Schofield, Peter R.; Schubert, Oliver K.; Schweizer, Barbara; Seemüller, Florian; Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria; Severino, Giovanni; Seymour, Lisa R.; Slaney, Claire; Smoller, Jordan W.; Squassina, Alessio; Stamm, Thomas; Steele, Jo; Stopkova, Pavla; Tighe, Sarah K.; Tortorella, Alfonso; Turecki, Gustavo; Wray, Naomi R.; Wright, Adam; Zandi, Peter P.; Zilles, David; Bauer, Michael; Rietschel, Marcella; McMahon, Francis J.; Schulze, Thomas G.; Alda, Martin (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Objective: The assessment of response to lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder (BD) is complicated by variable length of treatment, unpredictable clinical course, and often inconsistent compliance. Prospective ...

    • Association between Activity Space Exposure to Food Establishments and Individual Risk of Overweight 

      Kestens, Yan; Lebel, Alexandre; Chaix, Basile; Clary, Christelle; Daniel, Mark; Pampalon, Robert; Theriault, Marius; p Subramanian, S. V. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Objective: Environmental exposure to food sources may underpin area level differences in individual risk for overweight. Place of residence is generally used to assess neighbourhood exposure. Yet, because people are mobile, ...

    • Association between Class III Obesity (BMI of 40–59 kg/m2) and Mortality: A Pooled Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies 

      Kitahara, Cari M.; Flint, Alan J.; Berrington de Gonzalez, Amy; Bernstein, Leslie; Brotzman, Michelle; MacInnis, Robert J.; Moore, Steven C.; Robien, Kim; Rosenberg, Philip S.; Singh, Pramil N.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Adami, Hans Olov; Anton-Culver, Hoda; Ballard-Barbash, Rachel; Buring, Julie E.; Freedman, D. Michal; Fraser, Gary E.; Beane Freeman, Laura E.; Gapstur, Susan M.; Gaziano, John Michael; Giles, Graham G.; Håkansson, Niclas; Hoppin, Jane A.; Hu, Frank B.; Koenig, Karen; Linet, Martha S.; Park, Yikyung; Patel, Alpa V.; Purdue, Mark P.; Schairer, Catherine; Sesso, Howard D.; Visvanathan, Kala; White, Emily; Wolk, Alicja; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne; Hartge, Patricia (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: The prevalence of class III obesity (body mass index [BMI]≥40 kg/m2) has increased dramatically in several countries and currently affects 6% of adults in the US, with uncertain impact on the risks of illness ...

    • Association between Cutaneous Nevi and Breast Cancer in the Nurses' Health Study: A Prospective Cohort Study 

      Zhang, Mingfeng; Zhang, Xuehong; Qureshi, Abrar A.; Eliassen, A. Heather; Hankinson, Susan E.; Han, Jiali (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Background: Cutaneous nevi are suggested to be hormone-related. We hypothesized that the number of cutaneous nevi might be a phenotypic marker of plasma hormone levels and predict subsequent breast cancer risk. Methods and ...

    • Association between dietary acid load and the risk of cardiovascular disease: nationwide surveys (KNHANES 2008–2011) 

      Han, Eugene; Kim, Gyuri; Hong, Namki; Lee, Yong-ho; Kim, Dong Woo; Shin, Hyun Joon; Lee, Byung-Wan; Kang, Eun Seok; Lee, In-Kyu; Cha, Bong-Soo (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: Acid–base imbalance has been reported to increase incidence of hypertension and diabetes. However, the association between diet-induced acid load and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the general population ...