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Hyman, Steven

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Hyman

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Steven

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Hyman, Steven
Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.0d567243-acc0-4007-9f5f-80f5ba271345

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    The daunting polygenicity of mental illness: making a new map
    (The Royal Society, 2018) Hyman, Steven
    An epochal opportunity to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders has emerged from advances in genomic technology, new computational tools and the growth of international consortia committed to data sharing. The resulting large-scale, unbiased genetic studies have begun to yield new biological insights and with them the hope that a half century of stasis in psychiatric therapeutics will come to an end. Yet a sobering picture is coming into view; it reveals daunting genetic and phenotypic complexity portending enormous challenges for neurobiology. Successful exploitation of results from genetics will require eschewal of long-successful reductionist approaches to investigation of gene function, a commitment to supplanting much research now conducted in model organisms with human biology, and development of new experimental systems and computational models to analyse polygenic causal influences. In short, psychiatric neuroscience must develop a new scientific map to guide investigation through a polygenic terra incognita. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Of mice and mental health: facilitating dialogue between basic and clinical neuroscientists’.
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    Grand challenges in global mental health
    (Springer Nature, 2011) Collins, Pamela Y.; Patel, Vikram; Joestl, Sarah S.; March, Dana; Insel, Thomas R.; Daar, Abdallah S.; Bordin, Isabel A.; Costello, Elizabeth; Durkin, Maureen; Fairburn, Christopher; Glass, Roger I.; Hall, Wayne; Huang, Yueqin; Hyman, Steven; Jamison, Kay; Kaaya, Sylvia; Kapur, Shitij; Kleinman, Arthur; Ogunniyi, Adesola; Otero-Ojeda, Angel; Poo, Mu-Ming; Ravindranath, Vijayalakshmi; Sahakian, Barbara J.; Saxena, Shekhar; Singer, Peter A.; Stein, Dan J.; Anderson, Warwick; Dhansay, Muhammad A.; Ewart, Wendy; Phillips, Anthony; Shurin, Susan; Walport, Mark
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    Genetic research in autism spectrum disorders
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2015) Robinson, Elise; Neale, Benjamin; Hyman, Steven
    Purpose of review The recent explosion of genetic findings in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research has improved knowledge of the disorder's underlying biology and etiologic architecture. This review introduces concepts and results from recent genetic studies and discusses the manner in which those findings can influence the trajectory of ASD research. Recent findings Large consortium studies have associated ASDs with many types of genetic risk factors, including common polygenic risk, de novo single nucleotide variants, copy number variants, and rare inherited variants. In aggregate, these results confirm the heterogeneity and complexity of ASDs. The rare variant findings in particular point to genes and pathways that begin to bridge the gap between behavior and biology. Summary Genetic studies have the potential to identify the biological underpinnings of ASDs and other neuropsychiatric disorders. The data they generate are already being used to examine disease pathways and pathogenesis. The results also speak to ASD heterogeneity and, in the future, may be used to stratify research studies and treatment trials.